ABSTRACT

Meaningful learning can be carried out by adapting learning to local culture and traditions. Ethnoscience is a set of knowledge identified in a community and can be used as the learning base to create contextual and meaningful learning for students. This study aims to find more information about ethnoscience-based biology learning. The research method used was a literature study. The literature used mainly discusses ethnoscience, ethnoscience learning, and learning methods.   The instrument used in this study was a summary table of all related articles, following the summary table made by Cronin et al. (2008). This research produces a new conceptual framework which is a synergy between ethnoscience and problem-based learning. This research also generates six procedures for designing ethnoscience-based learning and five steps to integrate ethnoscience into Problem-based Learning. The integration of ethnoscience in problem-based learning can increase the contextuality and meaning of biology learning and can be applied to maintain local culture. This study recommends the use of procedures resulted from this study to design ethnoscience-based learning and integrate ethnoscience learning into Problem-Based Learning.

Abstract. Suciyati A, Suryadarma IGP, Paidi Abrori FM. 2021. Ethnobotanical study based on the five dimensions of basic life needs in Tidung Tribe of North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3199-3208. The Tidung tribe is one of the original inhabitants of North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Research results related to the Tidung tribe, especially those related to ethnobotany, are still rare. This research aimed to make an inventory of plant species used by Tidung Tribe based on the five dimensions of basic life needs of Tidung Tribe. The five dimensions of basic life needs of Tidung Tribe is that plants are useful as food (ngakan), shelter (baloy), health/medicine (sihat), traditional ceremony (adat), and clothing (memana). Informants were obtained by conducting snowball sampling consisting of 22 family heads and as many as 65 people. There were three instruments in the data collection: questionnaires of list of plant species, quantitative plant assessment instruments, and semi-structured interviews. According to the inventory result, Tidung Tribe utilize 60 plant species in their daily life. Most of these plants are used as food (ngakan) and traditional medicine (sihat). The Availability Index and Frequency Use Index data showed that Arecaceae, Pandanaceae, Solanaceae, Zingiberaceae, and Poaceae families were the most widely available plants in the research location and most often used by the community.

Finlandia sebagai negara dengan sistem pendidikan terbaik, telah menjadi rujukan bagi pelaksanaan pendidikan negara-negara di dunia. Indonesia sebagai negara yang terus berusaha dalam perbaikan kualitas pendidikan, perlu mempelajari apa saja strategi pendidikan di Finlandia  dan memilah-milah mana yang sesuai dengan situasi kondisi di Indonesia dan mana yang tidak.  Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengungkap bagaimana detail pembelajaran di Finlandia dan kemungkinan penerapannya di Indonesia, dengan acuan utama buku karangan Timothy D. Walker yang berjudul Teach Like Finland, 33 Simple Strategies for Joyfull Classrooms. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1). strategi dari pembelajaran di sekolah Finlandia yang sudah banyak diterapkan di sekolah Indonesia, yaitu; masuk ke alam liar, merekrut tim kesejahteraan, mengejar mimpi kelas, menggunakan buku pegangan, menggunakan teknologi, dan memasukkan musik, 2). strategi dari pembelajaran di sekolah Finlandia yang dapat diterapkan di sekolah Indonesia yaitu; belajar sambil bergerak, recharge sepulang sekolah, mengenal setiap anak, bermain dengan murid, menghapus bullying dengan program tertentu, berkawan, mulai dengan kebebasan, membuat rencana pembelajaran bersama siswa, dan mengajarkan hal-hal mendasar dan, 3). strategi dari pembelajaran di sekolah Finlandia yang sulit diterapkan di sekolah Indonesia yaitu; jadwal istirahat otak.

Environmental attitude needs to be instilled in every student. One of the effective ways is to integrate it into the local culture. Every folklore in the culture of the tribes in Indonesia always has a message or advice in it. The Tidung tribe is one of the tribes that has folklore in which advice to care for the natural environment is in it. One of the philosophies of loving nature is reflected in Gasab. Gasab is non-violent behavior to animals and always cherishes them. The folk tale of the Tidung Tribe which tells of abstinence from being rude to animals is the story of Yadu Usuk. Introduction to ethnoecology through folklore is something that can be done in learning biology because it is very closely related to biodiversity conservation activities. To make it more interesting, the introduction of ethnoecology through folklore can be developed into a comic learning media to strengthen the storyline. This study developed a biology learning comic based on the Gasab philosophy taken from the Yadu Usuk story. This study uses a mixed-methods approach through the Borg & Gall development model. Comics that have been developed get valid results based on expert judgment.