No abstract

RESUMENTaninos, contenido proteico y composición de áci-dos grasos de semillas de algunas especies de Vicia L. de Turquía.Las semillas oleaginosas de seis especies de Vicia (Leguninoas) fueron investigadas por su proteína, contenido en taninos y composición en ácidos grasos. El contenido de proteína en las semillas vario entre un 21.87%-31.33%. El contenido de taninos en las semillas vario entre un 0.13%-1.07%. La composición de ácidos grasos de estas seis diferentes especies fue determinada por GC mediante los esteres metílicos de sus ácidos grasos. Las semillas oleaginosas de las especies de Vicia contienen ácidos palmítico y esteárico como componentes mayoritarios entre los ácidos grasos saturados, con pequeñas cantidades de ácido mirísti-co, ácido palmitoleico y ácido margárico. Los ácidos grasos insaturados mayoritarios encontrados en las semillas oleaginosas fueron el ácido oleico, ácido linoleico y ácido linoléni-co. En este estudio, el contenido total de ácidos grasos saturado de las especies de Vicia vario entre 18.5 y 22.4% mientras que el de insaturados vario entre 71.1 y 80.3%. The seedoils of six Vicia species (Leguminosae) were investigated for their protein, tannin contents and fatty acid compositions. The protein contents of the seeds were found to be between 21.87%-31.33%. The tannin contents of the seeds were found to be between 0.13%-1.07%. The fatty acid compositions of these six different species were determined by the GC of the methyl esters of their fatty acids. The oilseeds of Vicia species contain palmitic and stearic acids as the major component of their fatty acids, among the saturated acids, with small amounts of myristic, palmitoleic and margaric acids. The major unsaturated fatty acids found in the oilseeds were oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. In this study, the total saturated fatty acids of Vicia species were between 18.5 and 22.4% while the total unsaturated fatty acids were between 71.1 and 80.3%. PALABRAS CLAVE: Ácidos grasos -Especies de

The chemical composition of the essential oils of dried aerial parts of Tanacetum balsamita subsp. balsamita and T. chiliophyllum var. chiliophyllum were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Forty five and forty six components were identified representing 81.0 % and 84.4 % of the oils, respectively. Trans-chrysanthenol (22.3 %), chrysanthenyl acetate (19.7 %), linalool oxide (11.5 %), camphor (7.5 %), 1,8-cineole (2.7 %) were found to be major components in T. balsamita subsp. balsamita and camphor (28.5 %), 1,8-cineole (17.1 %), camphene (7.1 %), isobornyl propionate (5.4 %), carveol (4.5 %) and borneol (3.5 %) were also found as major constituents in T. chiliophyllum var. chiliophyllum. In vitro antimicrobial activities of these oils and two antibiotics against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria and two yeasts were also investigated. The results exhibited that the total oils and antibiotics possess moderate activities against all the tested microorganisms.

Tanacetum species are consumed as tea in Turkey. We comparatively evaluated the phytochemical potentials and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanolic extracts of Tanacetum cilicicum. The chemical constitutes of T. cilicicum essential oil and antioxidant activity of this species was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Bicyclo (3,1,1) hept-2-en-4-ol (21.92%), camphor (15.56%) and 1,8-cineole (13.45%) which are oxygenated monoterpenes were found as the major constituents. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were quantificated by HPLC-UV. Catechin was found as the main component. The essential oils and methanolic extracts were evaluated by antioxidant activities. The leaves exhibited significant metal chelation activity with a value of 20.75 ± 4.63 μg/mL.

corniculatus, and Leuceana leucocephala species contain 50.0, 59.4, 69.5, 37.06, and 52.6% linoleic acid, respectively, as the major component fatty acids, whereas in the seed oil of Lathyrus cicer, linolenic acid accounts for 29.7% as the major component fatty acid. The ratios of these fatty acids in the Leguminous genera were found to be highly variable. In the study of taxa, palmitic acid was found in the major saturated fatty acids, on the other hand oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids were found in major unsaturated fatty acids. KEY-WORDS: Fatty acid -Leguminosae -Protein -Seed oil -Tannin. INTRODUCTIONLegumes as source of protein for both forage and grain have a great chance of increasing their importance in the farming systems of the 21st century. Legume plants include many economically important crop plants that are utilized in human foodstuffs, herbal medicines, oil materials and as animal forages.In Turkey, the Lathyrus species has been cultivated in small field areas and used mainly as forage and rarely as food. The Lathyrus species contains some toxic substances. One of the most important of these substances is a neurotoxinoxalyl diamino propionic acid -(ODAP), which can result in paralysis in humans and the lower limbs of animals by affecting the central nervous system. This disease, named Lathyrism, generally occurs when seeds are consumed in large quantities for 3-4 months (Basaran et al. 2007).Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), also known as holy clover, is a perennial forage legume with a deep taproot often grown in conjunction with forage grasses to reduce bloat hazard as well as to improve soil fertility due to its nitrogen fixing ability. Another desirable trait is that sainfoin has an early growth habit, sprouting earlier than alfalfa in spring to give good forage yields. While the availability of early fresh forage for stock is appreciated by farmers it is the ability of the feed to reduce RESUMEN Análisis químico de semillas de algunas leguminosas forrajeras de Turquía. Un enfoque quimiotaxonómico.Se han estudiado las semillas procedentes de seis leguminosas forrajeras (leguminosas) en relación a sus proteí-nas, contenido de taninos y composición de ácidos grasos. El contenido de proteínas de las semillas de leguminosas forrajeras osciló entre un 23,1 y un 37,2%. Por otro lado, el contenido de taninos de las mismas semillas se encontraron entre 0,67 y 6,33%. La composición en ácidos grasos de estas seis especies diferentes se determinó por cromatografía gaseosa como ésteres metílicos de los ácidos grasos. Los aceites de las semillas de diferentes taxones de leguminosas contenían los ácidos linoleico y linolénico como principales componentes. Los aceites de semillas de las especies Helianthus Lathyrus, Onobrychis crista-galli, Trigonella foenumgraceum, Lotus corniculatus, y Leuceana Leucocephala contienen 50.0, 59.4, 69.5, 37.06 y 52.6%, respectivamente de ácido linoleico, como principal componente de los ácidos grasos, mientras que el aceite de semillas de Cicer Lathyrus contiene ácid...