Ships are significant air pollution sources as their high powered main engines often use heavy fuels. The major atmospheric components emitted are nitrogen oxides, particulate matter (PM), sulfur oxide gases, carbon oxides, and toxic air pollutants. Shipping emissions cause severe impacts on health and environment. These effects of emissions are emerged especially in territorial waters, inland seas, canals, straits, bays, and port regions. Candarli Gulf is one of the major industrial regions on the Aegean side of Turkey. The marine environment of the region is affected by emissions from ships calling to ten different ports. In this study, NO( x ), SO(2), CO(2), hydrocarbons (HC), and PM emissions from 7,520 ships are estimated during the year of 2007. These emissions are classified regarding operation modes and types of ships. Annual shipping emissions are estimated as 631.2 t year(-1) for NO(x), 573.6 t year(-1) for SO(2), 33,848.9 t year(-1) for CO(2), 32.3 t year(-1) for HC, and 57.4 t year(-1) for PM.

Ships are significant air pollution sources as their high powered main engines often use heavy fuels. The major atmospheric components emitted are nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, sulfur oxides, carbon oxide, and toxic air pollutants. Shipping emissions cause serious effects on health and environment. These effects of emissions are seen especially in territorial waters, inland seas, canals, straits, bays, and port regions.In this article, exhaust gas emissions from ships in Ambarlı Port, which is one of the main ports in Marmara Sea, are calculated by utilizing data acquired in 2005. Total emissions from ships in the port is estimated as 845 t y−1 for nitrogen oxides (NOx), 242 t y−1 for sulfur dioxide (SO2), 2127 t y−1 for carbon monoxide (CO), 78590 t y−1 for carbon dioxide (CO2), 504 t y−1 for volatile organic compound (VOC), and 36 t y−1 for particulate matter (PM). To simulate dispersions of emissions, a model program with the real topographic and meteorological conditions of the port region is used. Ships in Ambarlı Port contributed 100 μg m−3 NOx and 55 μg m−3 SO2 to ambient air concentrations in 2 km range from the port. It is estimated that 60,000 people live within this range and these people might be affected from the high level of NOx and SO2 due to combination of shipping emissions and other sources (traffic, industry, residential, etc). © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010

Maritime transportation is a major source of climate change and air pollution. Shipping emissions cause severe impacts on health and environment. These effects of emissions are emerged especially in territorial waters, inland seas, canals, straits, bays, and port regions. In this paper, exhaust gas emissions from ships in Izmir Port, which is one of the main ports in Turkey, are calculated by the ship activity-based methodology. Total emissions from ships in the port is estimated as 1923 ton y−1 for NOx, 1405 ton y−1 for SO2, 82753 ton y−1 for CO2, ton y−1 for HC, and 165 ton y−1 for PM in the year 2007. These emissions are classified regarding operation modes and types of ships. The results are compared with the other studies including amounts of exhaust pollutants generated by ships. According to the findings, it is clear that the ships calling the Izmir Port are important air polluting causes of the Izmir city and its surroundings.

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Ships are significant emissions sources in transportation sector. The environmental effects of shipping emissions become more serious because of insufficient international rules and inspections. Especially in inland waters, canals, straits, gulfs, and port areas emissions effects on environment and health are more important. Izmit Gulf is the major industrial, transport, and inland water region which is affected from shipping emissions with 37 ports and industrial plants. In this study, NOx, SO2, CO2, HC, and PM emission amounts from 11,645 ships called to Izmit Gulf in 2005. These emissions are classified according to ships operation modes and ship types. Annual shipping emissions are estimated as 5,356 t yr−1 for NOx, 4,305 t yr−1 for SO2, 254,261 t yr−1 for CO2, 232 t yr−1 for HC and 487 t yr−1 for PM. To determine the most probably effected regions in the gulf, the spatial distribution of NOx emissions within the Gulf region has been prepared in 1 × 1 Nm2 (Nautical miles) grid cells based on ship movement data along the various routes. Ships in Izmit Gulf contribute to urban pollution with sulfur dioxide significantly. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010