Inflammations are a predicament issue that leads to orthopaedic hard implants failure. Thereby, calcium phosphate platinum scaffolds possess anti-inflammatory properties, as powerful tools for successful bone regeneration. The effects of the platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) on the scaffold's degradation and proliferation and attachment were evaluated. The scaffolds degradation rates ranged between 50-75 % and 80-95% for Scaffold with and without PtNPs respectively. Moreover, the cells proliferation and attachment on CPs-PtNPs scaffold were superior to CPs scaffold. The results warranted that, the synthesized scaffolds exhibit good biocompatibility and in vitro biodegradation, and also, it could be a used as a substrate for PtNPs delivery.

Morphology and mechanical properties of scaffolds seeded with osteoblastes cells used for bone and cartilage repair are the critical factors in bone tissue engineering. In this work, adding CMC and controlling temperature for nano-hydroxyapatite (HA)-b-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) scaffold using Polymeric sponge method provide suitable properties. A developed computer system was used to determine properties of scaffold. Porosity, shape and connectivity of pores were analysed based on image processing method. Cells were seeded on scaffold and the differentiation rate was calculated using image analysis. The fabricated sample showed high porosity (nearly 61%) and high compressive strength (nearly 16 MPa), as well as having a well pore size of 200 μm and more. Comparing to Archimedes method, the image result was more accurate. Internal porosity was more than surface porosity due to skin effect.

Orthopaedic implants and metal implantation are major technological contributions in the field of orthopaedic surgery. However, bacterial infection and inflammation are predicament issues that subsequently lead to implant failure and second surgery. Ceramic scaffold loaded with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) posse's antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, which would be more ideal for successful bone implantation and tissue regeneration. Thereby, Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA), β-Tricalcium Phosphate nanoparticles (nβ-TCP), and Au NPs were used for the fabrication of ceramic scaffold and Au NPs loaded ceramic scaffold. The effects of the Au NPs on the scaffold's mechanical properties, porosity and cell growth have been evaluated. Scanning Electron Microscope [1] and test metric universal testing machine were employed for characterization of the scaffolds. Gold loaded scaffold demonstrated enhanced porosity, degradability and mechanical properties compared with the ceramic scaffold. The porosity of the ceramic and Au NPs loaded ceramic scaffold ranged between 30-50% and 60-75%, respectively, while compressive strength ranged between 10-30mPa and 25-45mPa, respectively.. Scaffold synthesis can be used for implantation in organs that need high load bearing such as femurs, tibia and also as a substrate for Au NPs delivery. To our knowledge, Au NPs have not been incorporate previously with calcium phosphate for fabrication scaffold for bone grafting. Also this study the first report on the effects of Au NPS on the mechanical properties, porosity and degradation rates of ceramic scaffolds.