The study was conducted in the Wanging’ombe district council in the Njombe region, Southern highlands of Tanzania. The objective of the study was to assess the determinants of women’s control over their earnings. The study employed a cross-section research design. Data were collected from 150 women who engaged in various economic activities. The structured interview method was used to collect data using a structured questionnaire. Data were processed and analysed using IBM SPSS statistics version 20 and Stata version 11. The analysis involved descriptive analysis in exploring the characteristics of women in the study area, a chi-square test for association, and a binary logistic regression to explore the predictors. The results revealed that more than half (54.7%) of women reported that their husbands/partners decide for them on the use of money earned. Three factors, namely ownership of the house, kind of earning activity (source of income), and amounts of money earned per month are predictors of the control over women’s cash earnings in the household. The study concluded that, although husbands have less chance to decide on income earned by women who engage in economic activities other than farming and those who earn a higher income, household resources including women’s earnings are controlled by husbands to a large extent. The local government authorities in Wanging’ombe and non-government organisations interested in women’s empowerment should intensify efforts to address violence against women, especially economic abuse. This will enable women to engage in different economic activities and be employed in informal and formal sectors

The study was carried out at Kiwanja cha Ndege ward in Morogoro Municipality by assessing determinants on the choice of the main source of cooking energy by households. This study employed cross–sectional design and collected quantitative data from primary and secondary sources. A total of 150 respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Primary data were collected from respondents through a structured interview method executed through researcher-administered questionnaires. The study used descriptive statistics, the likelihood ratio Chi-Square test, and binary logistic regression analysis using IBM SPSS statistics version 20 and Stata version 11. The results revealed that a large proportion of households used charcoal (84%), followed by gas (11.3%) as the main source of cooking energy. This information implies that households in urban areas prefer mostly using charcoal for cooking. Furthermore, the results revealed that education level, marital status, and main economic activity were the factors that determine the choice of charcoal as the household's main source of cooking energy. The study recommended that the central government, through the Ministry of Energy in collaboration with local government authorities, should create awareness in society on the importance of using clean cooking fuels and technologies. Also, the government of Tanzania should enhance and promote the use of electrical energy as an alternative source of cooking energy in order to protect plant species that are more objects of wood–charcoal use.

This study was carried at Ilongero ward in Singida District council to assess the determinants of land ownership among women. This study used both qualitative and quantitative data from primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected from women. Data were collected using interview method which was administered by questionnaire tool and checklist. A sample of 150 respondents was drawn through simple random sampling. Statistical Package for Services Solution (IBM SPSS) was used to analyze the data where the study used descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test. The study results revealed that, many of women in Ilongero ward not owned land 61.3%. The Chi square test results indicated that the associated factors of land ownership among women at Ilongero ward were source of information, listing to radio, watching TV, reading newspapers, age of a woman, marital status and education of a woman. The study recommends that the government and human rights stakeholders should continue providing education to women and men about the right to own the land among women via Radio, TV and newspapers.