Silver nanoparticles vary in size from 1 to 100 nm. These have unique properties that assists in molecular diagnostics, therapies, and devices used in many medical procedures. The most popular methods for making silver nanoparticles are physical and chemical approaches. Chemical and physical methods are troublesome because synthesis is expensive. The biological approach is a feasible alternative one. The major biological processes involved are bacteria, fungi, and plant extracts. Silver nanoparticles are mainly used in diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. Their medical uses rely on the antimicrobial property, while the anti-inflammatory property has its own range of applications. Silver nanoparticles are used in a number of medical therapies and instruments, as well as in a variety of biological sciences. This article focuses on chemical and biological techniques for synthesizing AgNPs, which will subsequently be utilized to coat socks materials, testing antimicrobial activity and comparing the ability of these coated fabrics to minimize infections.

Hypothyroidism is a disorder in which the thyroid gland does not generate enough thyroid hormone to keep the body operating correctly. Low thyroid hormone levels make it difficult for cells in the body to acquire enough thyroid hormone, causing the body's processes to slow down. There are various reasons why autoimmune illness and radiation therapy are so prevalent. Thyroiditis is caused by too much or too little iodine. Because lipids are hydrophobic (insoluble in water), they cannot transport fats like cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides through the bloodstream on their own. Instead, they bind to proteins to produce lipoproteins, which carry fats such as cholesterol triglycerides, and phospholipids throughout the body. The EIA technique was utilized to assess the levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in 25 patients and 25 healthy people in this study. The study found that hypothyroidism patients have higher TSH levels than healthy controls, while their T3 and T4 levels are lower than healthy controls. There is also a considerable rise when hypothyroidism patients were compared to healthy controls, there was a significant increase in the mean levels of all lipids except for high-density lipoprotein (HDL). We concluded that the TSH levels in hypothyroidism patients were significantly higher than in the control group, in addition, these patients have an abnormal lipid profile, with significantly higher levels of TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL.Atherosclerosis can result as a result of this. Because it carries cholesterol and other lipids from artery walls to the liver, it is known as a lipid transporter. HDL is known as the "good" cholesterol. A greater HDL level is linked to a lower risk of atherosclerosis.

Preface: Coronavirus has several mechanisms that facilitate its entry into the target cell such as cholesterol by acting concurrently with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) at entry site, where the virus uses it to increase its entry and spread. We conducted a practical research for measuring Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG) and Lactate dehydrogenase concentrations in COVID-19 patients. Objectives: The aim of this research is to see the correlation between Cholesterol, TG and Lactate dehydrogenase and the severity of coronavirus infection. Methods: This study is made at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital during the period from March 2021 to July 2021 and it was performed on two groups: patients group that involved 30 samples (15 male and 15 female), age ranging from 18 to 84 years old and another group consisting of 30 individuals who were not infected with SARS-CoV-2. Results: Our findings show that the high value for markers under this study associated with coronavirus was detected in lactate dehydrogenase ([Formula: see text] IU/l), ([Formula: see text] Mg/dl) for TG and ([Formula: see text] Mg/dl) for cholesterol. High concentration of cholesterol is shown in the age category between 54 and 64 years is represented as (487 Mg/dl and 502 Mg/dl), TG at ages 42, 54 and 64 years is represented as 497, 509 and 521 Mg/dl, Lactate dehydrogenase at ages 80–84 years that represented is as 739, 809 and 812 IU/l. According to physiological parameters which were elevated, a high concentration was observed in almost both sexes, as males were more affected than females when determining cholesterol at (500 Mg/dl), while females had more than males with respect to lactate dehydrogenase and TGs at (520 Mg/dl and 800 IU/l), respectively. In the correlation test, we found the highest significant differences, according to the correlation test, between cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase at (1) cholesterol and TG at (0.000), TG and lactate dehydrogenase at (0.739). Conclusions: We conclude that COVID-19 patients suffer from increased markers under the studies on cholesterol, TG and lactate dehydrogenase.

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