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In this study, three dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis are performed to evaluate the effect of geo-textile interlayer on the performance of flexible pavement. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the improvement in stress distribution of flexible pavement due to the application of geo-jute at three specific positions i.e., subgrade-base interface, base-asphalt layer interface, and within asphalt layers. Stress, strain and displacement values are investigated and compared for the application of geo-jute interlayer on various positions. Moreover, to better understand the mechanistic behavior of geo-jute on pavement subgrade, a separate 3-D finite element model is developed to simulate the California bearing ratio (CBR) test on geo-jute reinforced soil. Results showed that the inclusion of geo-jute on flexible pavement significantly improves the pavement performance by producing lower stress, strain, and displacement at top of the subgrade. Moreover, the bearing capacity of subgrade soil increased more than 20% due to the inclusion of geo-jute.

The time-dependent behavior of soft rock is very important in tunnel construction through soft rock. There is always a chance of creep failure due to sustained loading along the crest of the tunnel. In this research, a three-component elasto-visco-plastic framework is used to develop a time-dependent double hardening model to predict the behavior of soft rock both in compression and shear. Due to the limitation of time-dependent single yield hardening model in predicting the behavior of soft rock in compression direction (volumetric deformation) of loading, another time-dependent yield surface is added to the compression direction. The intersection of two-yield surface usually gives rise to singularity phenomenon, which is avoided by using Koiter’s generalization principle. A new formulation of the stress-integration of incremental stress-strain equations is proposed. A series of triaxial compression tests were carried out at different strain rates to calculate the model parameters. Then, the model is used to simulate the various behavioral features of soft rock.