The objective of this investigation was to identify how adolescents structure the social representations of sexual intercourse and use of condoms. Exploratory and descriptive research was conducted with a convenience sample consisting of 234 students of a public secondary school in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, between July 2009 and April 2010. Data were collected using a questionnaire with variables on socioeconomic status and sexual behaviour, and Free Association test with three terms: 'sex', 'unprotected sex' and 'sex with a condom'. Sexual intercourse was represented by love and affection among the women, while men associated sex to pleasure, desire and attraction toward the female body. The condom was considered important by both groups, but men represented condoms as being something bad that restricts pleasure. Health professionals are granted the opportunity to identify vulnerabilities of this population to DST/HIV/AIDS and work with these vulnerabilities in the most appropriate way.
RESUMOOs objetivos da pesquisa foram descrever conhecimentos sobre a transmissão do HIV/AIDS e analisar o comportamento sexual e atitudes frente ao uso do preservativo entre adolescentes. Pesquisa exploratória realizada, em 2009, com 234 adolescentes de uma escola em Fortaleza-CE. Utilizou-se questionário semiestruturado e escala de Likert. Os resultados mostraram que 46,6% da amostra já haviam iniciado a vida sexual; 40,7% e 29,5% não usaram preservativo na primeira nem na última relação sexual respectivamente, em decorrência de diversos motivos como não ter o preservativo no momento (27,3%); uso de pílula anticoncepcional (15,2%) e confi ança no(a) parceiro(a) (15,2%). Os adolescentes apresentaram dúvidas sobre a transmissão do HIV. As mulheres se mostraram mais favoráveis ao uso do preservativo do que os homens. Conclui-se que o início da vida sexual precoce, as dúvidas sobre a transmissão do HIV e a não utilização efetiva do preservativo são alguns dos fatores que compõem a vulnerabilidade dos jovens. Descritores: Síndrome da Imunodefi ciência Adquirida; Conhecimento; Atitude Frente à Saúde; Adolescente. ABSTRACTThe research objectives were to describe the knowledge about the transmission of HIV/AIDS, analyze the sexual behavior and attitudes towards condom use among adolescents. Exploratory survey conducted in 2009 with 234 students of a school in Fortaleza, Brazil. We used semi -structured questionnaire and Likert Scale. The results showed that 46.6% of the sample have already initiated sexual life, 40.7% and 29.5% did not use condoms at the fi rst or last intercourse, respectively, due to various reasons like not having a condom at the time (27.3%), use of contraceptive pill (15.2%) and trust in their partner (15.2%). These teenagers have questions about HIV transmission. Women were more favorable to condom use than men. One conclude that early initiation of sexual life, doubts about HIV transmission and ineffective condom use are factors that make young people's vulnerability. Key words: Acquired Immunodefi ciency Syndrome; Knowledge; Attitudes to Health; Adolescent. RESUMEN Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron describir el conocimiento sobre transmisión del VIH/SIDA, analizar comportamiento sexual y actitudes hacia el uso del condón entre adolescentes. Encuesta exploratoria, realizada en 2009, con 234 estudiantes de una escuela en Fortaleza, Brasil. Se utilizó cuestionario semi-estructurado y escala Likert. Los resultados mostraron que 46,6% de la muestra han iniciado la vida sexual, 40,7% y 29,5% no utilizó preservativo en la primera o última relación, respectivamente, debido a diversas razones, como no tener condón (27,3%), uso de la píldora anticonceptiva (15,2%) y la confi anza en su pareja (15,2%). Estos adolescentes tienen preguntas acerca de la transmisión del VIH. Las mujeres eran más favorables para el uso del condón que los hombres. Se ha concluido que el inicio temprano de la vida sexual, dudas sobre la transmisión del VIH y uso inefi ciente del condón son factores que hacen la vulnerab...
RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a estrutura das representações sociais sobre a aids entre pessoas com Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana. Método: pesquisa descritiva, fundamentada pela Teoria do Núcleo Central das representações sociais. Aplicou-se um teste de associação livre de palavras com, entre 231 adultos em terapia antirretroviral. As evocações foram processadas com o software Ensemble de programmes permettantl'analyse dês evocations - EVOC2000®, que gerou um quadro correspondente à provável estrutura da representação. Resultados: o núcleo central foi integrado pelos elementos doença, tristeza, medo, morte e transmissão. O sistema periférico constituiu-se em maior frequência por: preconceito, remédio e tratamento, na primeira periferia; difícil, preservativo e cura, na segunda periferia; ruim, prevenção e normal, na zona de contraste. Conclusão: as percepções centrais revelaram elementos compartilhados desde o surgimento da infecção. O sistema periférico apontou a necessidade de esforço contínuo para o enfrentamento da sociedade e sentimentos negativos, até que alcancem a cura.
Objective: to analyze female vulnerability factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection among women of childbearing age. Methods: a case-control epidemiological study with women of childbearing age performed at a referral service center. Data on socioeconomic vulnerability, individual, partners and health services were collected. These were analyzed in univariate, bivariate and multivariate ways. Results: 174 women participated in the study, in which it was shown that the chances for infection increased fourfold to those with family income up to 1,000.00, 5.5 times more for those who did not know female condoms, 16.7 times more for those who used alcohol and 4.8 times higher for those who did not receive guidelines in the health services. Conclusion: the analysis made it possible to identify the main vulnerability markers for virus infection in women of childbearing age, especially those of an individual, socioeconomic and programmatic nature. Descriptors: Sexually Transmitted Diseases; HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Women's Health; Health Vulnerability. Objetivo: analisar fatores de vulnerabilidade feminina associados à infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana entre mulheres em idade fértil. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico do tipo caso-controle com mulheres em idade fértil realizado em um serviço de referência. Foram coletados dados sobre vulnerabilidade socioeconômicos, individuais, dos parceiros e dos serviços de saúde. Estes foram analisados de forma uni, bi e multivariada. Resultados: fizeram parte da pesquisa 174 mulheres, na qual se evidenciou que as chances para infecção aumentavam quatro vezes para as que tinham renda familiar até 1.000,00, 5,5 vezes mais para aquelas que não conheciam camisinha feminina, 16,7 vezes mais para as que fizeram uso de bebida alcoólica e 4,8 vezes maior para aquelas que não recebiam orientações nos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: a análise permitiu identificar os principais marcadores de vulnerabilidade para a infecção do vírus em mulheres em idade fértil, principalmente os de cunho individual, socioeconômico e programático.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Musculoskeletal pain affects 3% to 5% of the world population, decreasing patients' functional capacity. This study aimed at comparing functional capacity among females with fibromyalgia or low back pain. METHOD: Comparative study with convenience sample of 69 females with diagnosis of low back pain (35) or fibromyalgia (34) registered in the Orthopedics Outpatient Setting of a Public Teaching Hospital in Fortaleza/CE. Musculoskeletal Pain Evaluation Questionnaire was used, and the association among type of pain, sociodemographic characteristics and activities practiced by patients was analyzed with Chi-square (χ 2) and Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests. RESULTS: From 69 participants, mean age was 45 ± 10.8 years, most were married (63.8%), most had (42.0%) low education level and were housewives (37.7%). The type of pain had no statistically significant association with marital status (p = 0.289), occupation (p = 0.349) and education level (p = 0.907). Major pain site for both groups was lumbar spine (56%) and was insidious (69%) and continuous (54.5%). Most did not practice physical exercises (p < 0.001), and complained of lack of energy, especially those with fibromyalgia (82.4%) (p = 0.019). From mentioned physical activities, walking was predominant in both groups (52.6%), followed by stretching, gymnastics and hydrogymnastics (47.4%) (p = 1.000). There has been impairment of occupational (21.7%), domestic (21.7%) and leisure (13.0%) activities. CONCLUSION: Females with fibromyalgia had poorer functional capacity as compared to females with low back pain, deserving attention of health professionals for thorough pain evaluation, and assessment of functional changes of these patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.