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The main reason that restrains the development of seed production of perennial grasses is losses during harvesting, which depend on the agrotechnical properties of plants and the imperfection of existing means. There are no special grass seeds yet. Therefore, serial equipment with special devices is recommended for their collection. There are enough options for technologies for collecting grass seeds. In the article, six main options of technologies used in production were analyzed and compared according to the main indicators. The best results of a comprehensive comparison are those technologies that process the collected seed mass into a stationary one. The design of a device for wiping the seed mass was proposed to develop this direction of grass seed collection technologies. The article presents theoretical and experimental research results that allowed improving these devices based on rational design and operating parameters. Another way to intensify the production process of leguminous grass seeds is to combine the technological processes of wiping and separation in one machine. The analysis of various separating devices showed that machines with a rotating screen of cylindrical or conical shape are best suited for this purpose. The conducted theoretical studies confirmed the hypothesis that extending the time the material stays on the sieve by using a conical surface increases the yield of clean seeds and contributes to uniform loading of the sieve surface, improving the quality of the initial material. According to the research results, the design of the grating-separating block was proposed for the implementation of this scientific hypothesis. The theoretical and experimental studies presented in the article will allow for significantly intensifying the process of collecting grass seeds and outlining the further development of scientific research in this field.

Аннотация. Рассмотрены особенности программного обеспечения (ПО) информационных систем (ИС) для работы инженерно-технологического персонала на металлургических предприятиях. ПО включает автоматизированные рабочие места, системы поддержки принятия решений, информационно-моделирующие системы, экспертные системы и др. Они представляют собой оконные (десктопные) приложения, написанные на высокоуровневых языках программирования (Visual C#, Visual Basic и др.). Обработка технологической информации, поступающей с сервера управления базами данных (СУБД) предприятия, включает в себя необходимость решения комплекса задач математического программирования, систем дифференциальных уравнений, задач математической физики и др. Такие задачи невозможно решить с помощью стандартного набора математических средств языков программирования общего назначения, поэтому разработка информационно-моделирующих систем осуществляется при взаимодействии с внешним ПО, например Microsoft Excel, MATLAB. В основе взаимодействия с Microsoft Excel лежит технология COM Interop, предполагающая установку ПО Microsoft Office на каждый клиентский компьютер. Для взаимодействия с MATLAB требуется предварительная сборка библиотеки в среде MATLAB Compiler и ее подключение к программе. Выполнение на клиентском компьютере достигается установкой свободно распространяемого пакета MATLAB Runtime. Однако требования по функциональности, доступности и кроссплатформенной переносимости, предъявляемые к современным информационным системам предприятия, не могут быть выполнены в оконных приложениях, использующих Windows Forms. Этим обусловлен поиск новых технологий и средств создания информационных систем. Наиболее рациональной является технология построения веб-приложений на базе фреймворка ASP.NET MVC, позволяющая без модификации перенести математические библиотеки, модули взаимодействия с Microsoft Excel, MATLAB из Windows Forms. Представлена структура веб-приложения, используемая при разработке ПО, отвечающего современным требованиям к работе информационных систем, что предполагает наличие на веб-странице следующих функциональных областей: логотип и заголовок текущей страницы, меню состояния сеанса, функциональное меню, групповые операции, уведомления и рабочее пространство.

Abstract. The complex physiological-hygienic evaluation of the working conditions of agricultural machine operators in the dynamics of the annual production cycle of growing crops is carried out. It is set that the machine operators performing basic types of work are subject to the combined effect of harmful factors of environment and labor process, the levels of which correspond by the degree of deviation from the hygienic standards to harmful labor conditions of 1-4 degrees (classes 3.1-3.4). Levels of blood pressure, hemodynamic and functional status (IFS) show tension of regulator systems and reducing of the body's adaptive capabilities of the machine operators that can be caused by exposure to adverse working conditions. Key words: agriculture machine operators, working conditions on the tractors and combine harvesters, functional disorders, tension of adaptation mechanisms.Tractor operators and machine operators (hereafter -agricultural operators) that work with agricultural equipment expose themselves to various professional health risks. They include higher levels of noise and vibration created by equipment operation, dust (organic and mineral), exhaust fumes, microclimatic discomfort in the cab, physical and emotional loads [1]. The impact of hazardous working conditions can lead to functional disorders and dysfunction of organs and systems of agricultural operators, malfunction of adaptive mechanisms, development of preclinical and pathological changes that advance profession-related and professional diseases [3].For this reason, determining the risk factors that decrease the body functional reserves will help develop and implement timely measures to maintain the health of agricultural operators which is the biggest professional group of agricultural employees.The purpose of the study is to assess the working conditions and their impact on the functional condition of the agricultural operators. __________________________  Novikova T.A., Raykin S.S., Buyanov E.S

Constructive improvement of mobile energy vehicles, in particular their main unit – the internal combustion engine, is aimed at: ensuring the differentiation of the parameters of the functioning of the system mechanisms depending on the variability of the conditions and modes of operation of the machines; increasing the technical resource when using the machines as intended in the specified operating conditions. During the analysis of literary sources, it was established that the existing methods and means of diagnosing vehicle engines do not fully allow determining their current technical condition, which requires the development of mathematical models for automating the process of diagnosing their components and parts. Internal combustion diesel engines of the YaMZ-236/238 family, which are included in the power units of most tractors and cars, were chosen as the object of diagnosis. The use of modern non-contact and non-disassemble diagnostic methods based on the analysis of the initial parameters of the diesel engine, functionally related to its structural parameters, will allow solving the task of reducing the labor intensity of the work, the quality of diagnostics, however, they are not sufficiently researched. Therefore, to determine the technical condition of engines, it is necessary to use modern non-contact and non-destructive diagnostic methods, which are based on the analysis of initial parameters functionally related to structural parameters. The article presents the cause-and-effect relationships of the parameters of the main resource groups of internal combustion diesel engines of the YaMZ-236/238 family. A graph-model of the interrelationships of the controlled parameters of the main resource groups of the YaMZ-236/238 engines and their defects was built.