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AbstrakPenelitian dengan desain potong lintang ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara kadar kolesterol total dengan tekanan darah. Data dikumpulkan pada 14 _ 21 Juni 2011, terhadap 51 subjek penelitian berusia > 30 tahun yang tidak mengonsumsi obat antihipertensi ataupun antikolesterol, dipilih secara consecutive antara pengunjung Puskesmas Kelurahan Joglo-II, Jakarta. Tekanan darah diukur dengan sfigmomanometer sesuai pedoman baku. Kadar kolesterol total darah sewaktu diukur dari sampel darah tepi dengan alat tes kolesterol. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier, korelasi Pearson dan General Linear Model dengan koreksi Bonferroni. Pada 51 responden (nilai tengah usia 50 tahun, 70,6% perempuan), rerata kadar kolesterol total adalah 200 mg/dL dan rerata tekanan darah adalah 135/84 mmHg. Pada faktor perancu yang disetarakan, kadar kolesterol total yang tinggi berhubungan dengan tingginya tekanan darah sistolik (r = 0,39; nilai p = 0,005) ataupun diastolik (r = 0,43; nilai p = 0,002). Responden pada kelompok kuartil ketiga total kolesterol memiliki tekanan darah 26/11 mmHg lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan mereka pada kelompok kuartil kedua (nilai p = 0,001 dan nilai p = 0,002 berturut-turut untuk tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik). Menjaga kadar kolesterol total dalam batas normal merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mencegah hipertensi. Kata kunci: Kadar kolesterol total, tekanan darah, hipertensi AbstractThis cross-sectional study was aimed to examine the association between total cholesterol levels and blood pressures. Data was collected on June 14 _ 21, 2011, among 51 subjects, aged > 30 years, who were taking neither antihypertensive nor anticholesterol drug, consecutively selected among peoples attending Joglo-II Sub-district Primary Health Center, Jakarta. Blood pressures were measured using a manual sphygmomanometer according to the standard protocols. Peripheral blood samples were collected and non-fasting total cholesterol were assessed using a cholesterol-test kit. Analyses were perfomed using linear regression, Pearson correlation, and General Linear Model (with Bonferroni correction). In 51 respondents (median age 50 years, 70.6% female), mean total cholesterol level was 200 mg/dL and blood pressure were 135/84 mmHg. After adjustment for confounding factors, higher total cholesterol levels were associated with higher systolic (r = 0.39; p value = 0.005) or diastolic (r = 0.43; p value = 0.002) blood pressures. Participant in the third quartile category had blood pressures 26/11 mmHg significantly higher than that of those in the second quartile category (p value = 0,001 and p value = 0,002 for sistolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively). Maintaining total cholesterol levels within the normal limits may be one way to prevent hypertension. Keywords: Total cholesterol, blood pressure, hypertension PendahuluanHipertensi adalah salah satu penyakit yang umum melanda di dunia dan merupakan faktor risiko penting untuk penyakit jantung serta kontributor utama mortalitas dan morbiditas ...

Purpose The complexities in strait-crossing cable-stayed bridge project are increasing the risks. This study aims to identify and analyze the significant and worth-considered construction risks of the first, biggest and longest spanned strait-crossing bridge project in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach As many as 32 risk events were identified and determined as the risks that exist and can be represented in the Suramadu bridge project context. Data was collected through a design-based questionnaire disseminated to experts involved in the project as well as semi-formal interviews. Several quantitative methods were applied to analyze the significant risks, such as relative importance index, Spearman’s rank correlation test and Mann–Whitney U test. Findings The analyses reveal that “unexpected natural behavior” confirmed by both contractor and consultant parties is the most significant and crucial risk event. Another risk event found to be significant is the “delayed payment.” On the other hand, it is also found that several risks within the legal category are found to be less significant compared to other major risk events. Research limitations/implications The results of the present research should be interpreted in the context of several limitations. Given these possible concerns regarding the generalizability of the findings, along with the relatively low rate of participants in the current research, additional studies are needed to provide a more complete picture of stakeholder perceptions who are involved directly in the construction environment as well as to identify more construction risks specifically in the large-scale bridge project. Practical implications This study has provided fundamental contributions to the body of knowledge and practical implication to promote and assist decision-makers toward developing a comprehensive risk assessment of a large-scale bridge project. Originality/value The analyses of outcomes and discussion, as well as the findings of this research, have shed light on the construction risks understanding, which contributes to delivering a theoretical framework for achieving large-scale bridge project success.

Construction projects run the risk of not conforming to the initial expectations of development. It is very difficult to estimate the time of a project because a project is not repetitive, there are different challenges in each development project. Delay in completing a project will cause waste in the form of overtime and overbudget. This research was conducted using judgment sampling to 5 respondents who were expert contractors. The objectives to be achieved through this research are to identify the dominant factors causing delays in a residental project using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method and modeling the relationship between the factors that cause delays in residential construction projects using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The result of this research is the existence of 8 levels of sub-factor hierarchical structure which becomes the framework for contractors and project owners to reduce the risk of delays in residential construction projects. The dominant causes of delays in project development are design changes during construction, late delivery of materials, late approval of work drawings, late payments, and inappropriate work methods.

<p class="Abstract"><em>Mall is a commercial building that prioritizes pedestrian concept and spatial relation. The assessment of spatial relation can be analyzed by using space syntax method. There is a significant difference in the visitor rate between Matahari Mall and Ayani Megamall which gives rise to a hypothesis that the spatial configuration affects the success of the mall. The purpose of this study is to determine the problems that exist in spatial configuration of the mall. This research uses a sequential explanatory approach that combines the space syntax method (choice simulation and gate count observation) with grounded theory analysis. Grounded theory analysis is done by comparing space syntax data with the theory of the mall.  The data is analyzed with correlation analysis, to see the similitude of simulation data with field data. The result of this study is Ayani Megamall as the one with higher visitor rate has a better organized spatial configuration than Matahari Mall. This result has proven the hypothesis that spatial configuration affects the success of mall. The spatial configuration problems found are the placement of anchor, retail, and elevator which unable to support the visitor’s movement to all places.</em></p>