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The expertise of its members is often cited as one of the distinctive features of the House of Lords. In particular it is frequently argued that because of its composition, and in particular the existence of the Crossbench Peers, debates in the Lords are more informed than in the Commons. In contrast to the Commons where MPs, because of the demands of re-election and constituency business, are required to know a little about a wide range of subjects, Peers, it has been claimed bring professional experience and expertise to the scrutiny of legislation, and have the time to maintain their expertise. Moreover, the presumed expertise of the Upper House is also central to debates about the reform of the House of Lords, with assertions that any further reform should retain the Lords ability to provide distinctive and informed scrutiny.Drawing on a series of interviews with a large sample of MPs and Peers from across parliament this paper seeks to examine what is meant by parliamentary expertise by focusing on one particular policy area -welfare. It will seek to determine the nature of parliamentary expertise on welfare in both Houses and suggests that in the field of welfare the Upper House may in fact be less expert than the House of Commons.