Modern clinical psychology focuses on the problems of the culturological layer, the cultural background and consequences of the formation and development of productive and destructive anomalies, including the abnormal aspects of creative giftedness, the associated and accompanying anomalies of behavior, values expressed in deviations, borderline states, psychoses and somatoses. Endowment with its considerable diversity is a universal phenomenon. Moreover, and like any universal, it can be understood and described in the unity of its cultural, social, psychological and physiological aspects. The article discusses the basics of the organization of the archetype of intellectual function from the standpoint of historical and culturalological genesis. The wide mythological context of the formation of properties, attributes, and symbolic identification inherent in the archetype of the intellectual function is discussed. The statement is postulated that archetypal structures are not only a priori existing mechanisms of cognition from the point of view of the formation of an individual’s mental experience at an early age, but also affect all subsequent processes of development of a person’s cognitive functioning in norm and clinical situations. The concept of “Icarus complex” is introduced as the desired anthropic form of the archetype under study and as a promising model for further research in clinical psychology.

In the article, from the point of view of evolutionary diatropics, a special cognitive structure of the personality is considered: the versative-ingenational-rapid intellectually gifted individual (VIR-type), which is the author's rethinking of the concept of urethral fixation by Z. Freud. The historical context of the formation of this concept is traced, its modern meaning is revealed, both from the point of view of the psychiatric clinic and from the position of pedagogical psychology. The material of the study of cross-correlation analysis of the electroencephalogram of 36 subjects with a VIR-type of personality demonstrates the features of the neurofunctioning of the cerebral cortex of these individuals: increased interaction of remote areas of the cortex and weakened integration of closely located zones. Illustrates the formation of a specific neurophysiological pattern, dubbed the “ikaric wings” and represents an intensive synchronization of the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain with the enhancement of their interaction both ipsilateral and contralateral. A comparison is made of the resulting pattern of functional activity of the cerebral cortex of the subjects with a VIR-type personality and patients with mental pathology. It is concluded that the presence of signs of mental disorders in the human population is necessary in order to form a special group of highly intelligent, creatively gifted individuals.

Diatropics is an evolutionary theory of diversity and the mechanisms of its formation. Identity integration disorder (IID) is a specific mixed form of psychopathological diathesis, characterized by the presence in the personality structure of a combination of symptoms of the three main circles of mental disorders: schizophrenic, epileptic, affective. Our study evaluated the peculiarities of the neurophysiological indices of the brain of persons with IID as consolidating with respect to the main forms of mental disorders, to substantiate the possibility of studying this phenomenon as a diatropic model of mental pathology. A total of 76 subjects with IID and 20 mentally healthy subjects were selected. For neurophysiological examination, cross-correlation analysis of electroencephalography respondents was used. The changes in the connections between the different brain regions of individuals with IID can be described as indicating two main features: 1) a decrease in the degree of interaction between centrally localized structures - the temporal, and upper parietal; 2) an increase in the degree of interaction between the integration of the frontal and occipital regions. The presence of signs of mental disorders in the human population is necessary in order to form a special group of highly intelligent, creatively gifted.

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Институт систем информатики имени А.П. Ершова СО РАН, г. Новосибирск, 5 Медицинский центр нейрофизиологических и сосудистых исследований, г. Калининград, 6 Республиканский Центр Психического Здоровья, г. Бишкек Резюме. В статье, на примере «расстройства интеграции идентичности» -авторского концептуального построения -рассматривается приложение теории психофизиологического изоморфизма, возникшей в рамках классической гештальтпсихологии, к современным реалиям развития психиатрической науки. Прослеживается становление понятия «расстройство интеграции идентичности» в научноисторическом аспекте. С помощью патопсихологических и нейрофизиологических методов исследования обосновывается гипотеза об объединении четырех основных «кругов» психической патологии в составе рассматриваемого психического образования. Ключевые слова: изоморфизм, психический диатез, расстройство интеграции идентичности, синдром Икара