Masuknya buah apel impor ke pasar dalam negeri membuat konsumen buah apel memiliki beberapa pertimbangan sebelum memutuskan untuk membeli buah apel. Peningkatan kebutuhan konsumen akan buah apel dan penerapan kebijakan baru tentang ketentuan impor dan pengembangan produk hortikultura mengakibatkan pentingnya penelitian terhadap perilaku konsumen terhadap buah apel. Daerah lokasi dalam penelitian ini ditentukan secara sengaja (purposive) yaitu di Kota Surabaya dan Kota Malang. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, model fishbein, dan analisis konjoin dengan responden berjumlah 200 yang berasal dari dua kota terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap konsumen terhadap buah apel lokal dibandingkan apel impor, apel lokal mempunya keunggulan pada atribut tekstur daging buah. Sementara itu, bila dibandingkan dengan buah apel lokal, sikap konsumen terhadap buah apel impor lebih positif pada atribut harga, rasa, ukuran, warna, kondisi kulit dan promosi. Preferensi konsumen mengarah pada rasa asam, ukuran sedang, warna hijau kekuningan, tekstur daging renyah, kulit bersih tanpa bercak, dan berada di selang harga Rp26.001,0-Rp34.000,0/kg. Responden memilih harga sebagai atribut yang paling diutamakan ketika melakukan pembelian buah. Kata kunci: analisis konjoin, buah apel, model fishbein, sikap konsumen, preferensi konsumen

The Indonesian beef price movement increasing erratically and tends to be volatile in recent years. Based on the price monitoring in several production centers, there are beef price fluctuations in the consumer level across time and between provinces. This study tries to present the relationship between the beef price volatility and Indonesia’s efforts to ensure food security through self-sufficiency in beef. We consider a series of consumer daily beef price from January 2006 to December 2013, with total T=2086 observations to understand beef price volatility in Indonesia, and to analyze the impact of beef self-sufficiency program to the beef price volatility in Indonesia. Data was obtained from Ministry of Trade, Government of Indonesia and it was collected through market survey from three different markets in 33 capital provinces in Indonesia. The methodology follows GARCH model to measure the beef price volatility. The GARCH (1.1) model gives information that beef price movements are influenced by the volatility from the previous period and yesterday’s variance. The volatility of beef price was driven more by its own variance rather than external shocks.  GARCH (1.1) model shows that the beef price volatility will tend to be smaller and persistence in the future. Parameter of the third dummy variable in the variance equation to capture the change policy is statistically significant. It indicates that the beef self-sufficiency program may lower the beef price volatility. Keywords: beef price, garch model, price volatility, self sufficiency

Abstrak Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk menyediakan gula kristal putih dengan harga terjangkau di tingkat konsumen adalah dengan menetapkan harga acuan penjualan (HAP). Meskipun demikian, harga gula kristal putih di tingkat konsumen terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi pembentukan harga eceran gula kristal putih secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ekonometrika (dibangun berdasarkan data time series bulanan dari tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2017, terdiri dari 13 persamaan dan diestimasi menggunakan metode 2 SLS) dan simulasi kebijakan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan pada harga eceran gula kristal putih adalah konsumsi gula kristal putih, impor gula kebutuhan industri, harga gula dunia, harga beras di tingkat konsumen dan harga eceran gula kristal putih periode sebelumnya. Harga beras di tingkat konsumen merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan harga gula kristal putih. Skenario kebijakan yang dapat menurunkan harga eceran gula kristal putih adalah penerapan HAP gula kristal putih yang terintegrasi dengan kenaikan  impor gula kristal putih.   Abstract One of the government's efforts to provide plantation white sugar at low prices at the consumer level is to set a reference sales price (HAP). Nevertheless, plantation white sugar consumer prices continue to increase. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence plantation white sugar consumer prices. This study uses an econometrics model (build from monthly time series data from 2012 until 2017, consist of 13 equations and estimated using the 2SLS method) and policy simulation. The results, an decrease in HAP, has no impact on plantation white sugar consumer prices. An increase in plantation white sugar imports can reduce the plantation white sugar consumer prices. The results show that the factors that significantly influence the retail price of plantation white sugar are consumption of plantation white sugar, import of industrial sugar, world sugar prices, rice prices at the consumer level, and retail prices of plantation white sugar in the previous periods. The price of rice at the consumer level is the most influential variable. The policy scenario that can reduce the retail price of white crystal sugar is the application of white crystal sugar HAP that is integrated with the increase in white crystal sugar imports. JEL Classification: Q02, Q11, Q18

Indonesian Food Security Council in 2009 issued a Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) which stated that there were 100 districts in Indonesia which were most vulnerable to food insecurity and 79% of which were located in eastern region. By using Susenas regular data in 2008, this study aimed to analyze determinants of household food security in eastern compared to western region. The ordered logistic regression model was employed to investigate the determinants of household food security. The result showed that most of households in Indonesia were vulnerable to food insecurity (41.76%). The percentage in eastern region (48.56%) was higher than that in western region (41.76%). Increase in expenditure equivalent, age and education level of household head, female household head, small household size, household head’s occupation in non-agriculture and urban household would increase the probability of a household to become food secure in both regions. The difference was in the factor of access to electricity in eastern and access to safe drinking water and loan in western region. Policies which aim to increase education, credit access, and intensive family planning have big roles in improving household food security.

<em>This study was aimed to analyze the added value in the supply chain of forest honey at Jaringan Madu Hutan Sumbawa (JMHS) organization.  The respondents in this study are 30 honey hunter, 2 group leader, 2 JMHS cooperative and 1 marketing outlet Rumah Madu. Quantative descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the added value by using Hayami’s method (1987). The results from this study were the added value of forest honey from Madu Hutan Lestari cooperation is 0.5 persen highest than other chain actors. While the value added distribution of marketing outlets Rumah Madu has been the highest percentage of added value compared to other chain actors.</em>