Association of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) Gene -629C/A Polymorphism with angiographically proven atherosclerosis CETP gene has been linked to CAD risk via its role in HDL and LDL metabolism. There is no agreement of whether CETP is atherogenic or not. Furthermore, various genotypes of CETP gene have been associated with CETP levels and thus with atherosclerosis risk. Our aim was to study the association of CETP -629C/A gene polymorphism with CETP and HDL levels and their association if any with atherosclerosis. Study population consisted of angiographically documented 50 cases with coronary artery atherosclerosis and 50 controls negative for atherosclerosis of coronary artery. Serum lipid profile was measured on SYNCHRON CX-9 using standard kits. Serum CETP levels were measured by ELISA method. CETP -629C/A gene polymorphism was studied using PCR-RFLP method. There was no significant difference in lipid profile of the two groups. However, serum CETP level was significantly higher (46.44 ± 21.75 ng/ml) in cases than controls (37.10 ± 21.92 ng/ml) with value =0.035. The frequency of -629A allele was higher (0.85) in cases than that of controls (0.81). Homozygosity of A allele was more in subjects with atherosclerosis of coronary artery. We conclude that CETP is atherogenic and could be used as atherogenic risk predictor in angiographically proven atherosclerosis. Also A allele of -629C/A polymorphism is more prevalent in cases; indicating its effect on expression of CETP gene.
* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and safety of low-dose intraoperative application of mitomycin-C (MMC) with that of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in primary trabeculectomy. * PATIENTS AND METHODS: A non-randomized prospective study was performed between August 1994 and November 1995. Thirty-two eyes of 16 consecutive patients who underwent trabeculectomy for uncontrolled glaucoma of various causes form the study group. The mean age was 46.8 ± 9.9 years. The first eye received MMC (0.2, 0.4 mg/ml), fellow eye received 5-FU (50 mg/ml), for 1 minute intraoperatively. Bleb characteristics and intraocular pressure (IOP) control were analyzed. Success of surgery based on IOP control was measured by 3 different criteria: IOP less than 21 mm Hg; IOP less than 21 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction; and IOP less than 16 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction. * RESULTS: Mean preoperative IOP was 31.4 ± 12.7 mm Hg in MMC group and 27.8±8.8 mm Hg in 5-FU group. Mean follow-up in MMC group was 16.12 ± 8.17 months; in 5-FU group 13.37 ± 8.19-months. At last follow-up all 5-FU blebs were nonischemic, while 4 eyes in the MMC group showed non-ischemic blebs, and 12 eyes had ischemic blebs. There was no statistically significant difference between MMC group and 5-FU group success rates with all 3 criteria. Success rates were: IOP less than 21 mm Hg; 100% in both groups; IOP less than 21 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction; MMC group 93.8%, 5-FU group 75%; less than 16 mm Hg with more than 30% reduction; MMC group 87.5%, 5-FU group 68.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose intraoperative MMC and 5-FU can provide control of IOP in primary trabeculectomy, 5-FU group showed more non-ischemic blebs. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:24-30.]
Latar Belakang: Transient visual loss adalah hilangnya tajam penglihatan mendadak baik parsial maupun komplit pada satu atau kedua mata yang terjadi kurang dari 24 jam. Decompression sickness terjadi apabila gelembung gas (bubble) yang terbentuk pada saat tubuh mengalami penurunan tekanan ambient secara mendadak pada pembuluh darah (intravaskular), sistem muskuloskeletal, atau jaringan tubuh lainnya menimbulkan suatu gejala. Bubble di intravaskular dapat mengakibatkan obstruksi vaskular, menghambat aliran darah dan menyebabkan iskemia. Iskemia pada daerah occipital akan menyebabkan terjadinya transient bilateral visual loss. Kasus: Pasien laki-laki berusia 23 tahun dengan keluhan penglihatan kabur yang terjadi mendadak setelah pasien naik ke permukaan dari kegiatan menyelam sedalam ± 5 meter selama 1 menit. Pasien dengan riwayat menarik napas dalam dan cepat beberapa kali sebelum melakukan free diving. Tajam penglihatan kedua mata pasien saat di rumah sakit adalah 4/60. Pemeriksaan segmen anterior dan posterior kedua mata dalam batas normal. Dilakukan terapi oksigen hiperbarik. Tajam penglihatan kedua mata pasien membaik menjadi 6/6 setelah terapi. Diskusi: kasus transient bilateral visual loss pada pasien dengan iskemia occipital post free diving dicurigai disebabkan oleh adanya sumbatan intravaskular oleh bubble yang terbentuk pada decompression sickness. Diagnosis decompression sickness ditegakkan secara klinis dan dapat dipastikan bila gejala membaik setelah pemberian terapi rekompresi. Terapi oksigen hiperbarik merupakan terapi pilihan pada semua kasus dengan riwayat terpapar lingkungan hiperbarik atau kondisi unpressurized high-altitude. Mencegah terbentuknya bubble dalam tubuh adalah dengan menghindari faktor risiko terbentuknya bubble dan mematuhi cara naik ke permukaan (ascending) yang benar setelah diving. Kata Kunci: Buta Mendadak Sementara, Decompression Sickness, Penyelam
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