Background: The thyroid gland is a major endocrine gland in the body that is located in the front of the neck. Thyroid disorders cause problems on kidney function in a variety of ways. Hyperthyroidism causes an increase in both RBF and GFR. The expression of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors may be influenced by thyroid hormones. The increased catecholamine sensitivity of beta adrenergic coupled cardiac responses in hyperthyroid patients may be due to the increased number of receptors. ROS may be one of the main causes of kidney failure in thyroid disorders, although this needs to be confirmed in the lab. Aim: The aim of this research was to look at the effects of thyroid disorders on kidney function and oxidative stress markers, as well as the relationship between them. Materials and Methods: After visiting Shalinitai Meghe hospital in Nagpur for a health check-up, a total of 350 people were chosen for the research. This was the place where the five groups were held. Subclinical Hypothyroidism: 70 subjects, Overt Hypothyroidism: 70 subjects, Subclinical Hyperthyroidism: 70 subjects, Overt Hyperthyroidism: 70 subjects. There are 70 patients in each household. Specific biochemical methods were used to quantify biochemical parameters such as T3, T4, TSH, Urea, Creatinine, and Cys C. Assay of Superoxide dismutase by Marklund and Marklund method ResultS: In our work, we discovered a significant positive correlation between serum creatinine and TSH in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, and a significant negative correlation between serum Cystatin C and TSH in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. TSH was linked to oxidative stress markers as well. When the oxidative stress markers MDA and SOD were statistically analysed, they were found to be highly associated with markers of kidney function. Conclusion:When the incidence of chronic kidney disease rises, all instances of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism should be regularly tested for worsening kidney functions, and since the study indicates that oxidative stress plays a role in nephropathy, current thyroid disorders treatment methods should include oxidative stress, which will aid clinicians in better managing kidney dysfunction.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a progressive joint disease characterized by loss of articular cartilage, joint bone hypertrophy, subchondral sclerosis, and chemical and morphological alterations in the synovial membrane and joint capsule. Stiffness, soreness, and focused dislocation of the articular cartilage are changes in the disease seen at the last level of OA, as well as synovial inflammation. Pain is a common clinical symptom, especially after prolonged exercise and weight bearing, and stiffness occurs after inactivity. Biologic markers will also play an important role in the production and monitoring of new structure-modifying therapies for osteoarthritis due to their rapid changes in response to treatment. Aim: We conducted an observational study to estimate biochemical markers in the knee osteoarthritis patients who came to SMHRC Nagpur for a routine visit. Material and Methods: The study included 60 people who visited Shalinitai Meghe hospital in Nagpur for a health check-up. We were able to keep the two groups apart here. The control group is comprises of Healthy Volunteer, while the study group is made up Knee osteoarthritis patients. Each community consists of 30 patients. COMP, Endoglin, Osteopontin, Hs-CRP: all of these parameters were estimated by commercially available ELISA kit. Results: The levels of COMP, Endoglin, Osteopontin, and Hs-CRP in the study group were significantly higher than in the control group. In synovial fluid detection, endoglin levels in the sample group are not significantly higher than in the control group. Endoglin levels in the blood increase, as do other parameters. Conclusion: These findings show a significant increase in the systematic and local development of these biomarkers in the main OA of the knee, as well as the link between disease severity and its production, meaning that they may be involved in OA pathogenesis. Longitudinal studies with repetitive measurements of these biomarkers in plasma and synovial fluid and their interactions with knee pain OA are necessary to track or predict the clinical course of OA and, ultimately, determine their potential role in determining the best time to participate.

Background: DM is a metabolic condition caused by deficiencies in insulin synthesis, insulin action, or both. It is characterised by chronic hyperglycemia and glycosuria, as well as abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Diabetes and its complications are believed to be caused by a variety of causes. Genetics, diet, sedentary lifestyle, perinatal causes, age, and obesity are among them.  The relationship and interaction of various risk factors with disease severity is still unknown, so the aim of the proposed study was to determine the possible relationship between biochemical markers glycosylated haemoglobin, lipid profile, insulin resistance, and immunological markers TNF- and IL-6, in order to suggest appropriate measures to reduce the country's diabetes burden. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 people were chosen for the study after visiting Shalinitai Meghe hospital in Nagpur for a health check-up. The three groups were contained in this area. Results: Both biochemical and immunological parameters rose in managed diabetic patients and significantly increased in uncontrolled diabetic patients, according to the report, but values did not differ between groups 1. Conclusion: Low-grade inflammation and inflammatory mediator upregulation have been suggested to play a role in T2DM etiology. TNF- and IL-6 have a positive connection with T2DM and insulin sensitivity, according to our data. These can be used as T2DM biomarkers in the early stages of the disease. To help doctors monitor and treat T2DM successfully, more research on a larger spectrum of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (mediators) in conjunction with other biochemical, immunoassay, and hematological markers is needed.

Introduction: Preterm birth (PTB) is a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Preterm babies are prone to serious illness or death during the neonatal period. PTB is one of the unresolved problems in clinical obstetrics and one of the greatest threats to the developing fetus, there is need to determine predictive biomarker for preterm delivery. Therefore present study aimed to assess serum levels of ceruloplasmin and Alkaline phosphatase in preterm and full-term delivery. Materials and Methods: The present study includes total 80 subjects that comprise forty women presenting with preterm onset of labor followed by delivery and forty women who delivered at term served as controls. Blood Samples from the subjects were obtained for ceruloplasmin and Alkaline phosphatase estimation, when patient was in labor. Serum ceruloplasmin and alkaline phosphatase measured spectrophotometrically. Serum ceruloplasmin was estimated by Herbert A Ravin and Henry et al. method. Serum alkaline phosphatase was estimated by Kinetic p-NPP method. Results: Serum ceruloplasmin levels were significantly increased (P<0.001) in preterm delivery as compared to full term delivery. Alkaline phosphatase levels are significantly increased in preterm delivery (p<0.001) as compared to full term delivery. Conclusion: Our study showed that elevated levels of ceruloplasmin and alkaline phosphatase may be associated with preterm delivery in asymptomatic pregnant women. The elevated ALP may be due to mild chronic subclinical infection which may be responsible for preterm delivery. Ceruloplasmin is acute phase reactant, increased due to an antioxidant defence mechanism against oxidative stress.

Introduction: Preterm birth (PTB) is a major determinant of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Preterm babies are prone to serious illness or death during the neonatal period. PTB is one of the unresolved problems in clinical obstetrics and one of the greatest threats to the developing fetus, there is need to determine predictive biomarker for preterm delivery. Therefore present study aimed to assess serum levels of haemoglobin, iron and Ferittin in preterm and full-term delivery Materials & Methods: The present study includes total 80 subjects that comprise forty women presenting with preterm onset of labor followed by delivery and forty women who delivered at term served as controls. Blood Samples from the patients were obtained for haemoglobin, iron and ferritin estimation, when patient was in labor. Serum Iron was estimated by coral clinical kit method. Serum ferritin was performed by Electrochemiluminescence method. Haemoglobin levels were measured by automated haematology analyser. Results: Serum ferritin levels were significantly increased (P<0.001) in preterm delivery as compared to full term delivery. Haemoglobin levels are significantly decreased in preterm delivery (p<0.001) as compared to full term delivery. Serum iron levels were non significantly increased in preterm delivery as compare to the full-term delivery. (P ≤0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that low levels of Haemoglobin and elevated ferritin levels may be associated with preterm delivery in asymptomatic pregnant women. Though ferritin is an acute phase reactant is elevated in women predisposed to preterm delivery. Keywords: HAEMOGLOBIN, IRON, FERRITIN, PTB, CVF, BMI