Evidence from randomized controlled trials on the effect of hormonal contraceptives during lactation is limited and of poor quality; results should be interpreted with caution. The existing randomized controlled trials are insufficient to establish an effect of hormonal contraception, if any, on milk quality and quantity. Evidence is inadequate to make recommendations regarding hormonal contraceptive use for lactating women. At least one properly conducted randomized controlled trial of adequate size is urgently needed to address this question.

After completion of this article, the reader will be able to compile the literature on the effect of lactation on maternal weight, to compare the various studies, and to summarize the data on the effect of lactation on maternal weight gain.

After completion of this article, the reader will be able to compile the literature on the effect of lactation on maternal weight, to compare the various studies, and to summarize the data on the effect of lactation on maternal weight gain.

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