The present study was based on two theoretical conceptions-Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory and its characteristic approach to values, and the conception of meaning in life derived from the Logotherapy of Frankl. The aim of the study was to verify the thesis that values realized in personal strivings play a significant role in experiencing meaning in life. The study was also designed to explore the relationships between types of motivation and meaning in life. A semi-open method was used to study values and striving motivations, one based on the Personal Striving Assessment by Emmons and the Purpose in Life Test by Maholick and Crumbaugh. The sample comprised 353 students of Wrocław-based universities (159 women and 194 men). The findings of this study demonstrated that meaning in life is related to motivation as well as to certain values that participants reported as realized in their personal strivings. Predictors of meaning in life were the value of financial success for men, and the value of intimacy/friendship for women. Another predictor of meaning for both groups was external motivation. Further interesting results discussed in this paper were obtained by comparing individuals with low and those with high levels of meaning in life. The latter group was found to attribute greater importance to autonomous motivation and to attach greater meaning to their everyday strivings by associating them more closely with both intrinsic and extrinsic values.

The present study focuses on three issues: sense of adulthood, self-perception within five features of emerging adulthood, and conceptions of adulthood. The sample consisted of 684 subjects (349 late adolescents, 207 emerging adults, and 128 young adults). The results show that emerging adults differ in their perceived adult status from both late adolescents and young adults, being situated in-between those two groups. The findings also confirm that age groups differ with respect to self-perception within the features of emerging adulthood but they do not show a predominance of any of the features in emerging adults. Furthermore, young people who have already settled down into the roles and responsibilities of adult life demonstrate lower frequencies of features of emerging adulthood and a greater sense of adulthood. When compared with the results of research conducted in the United States and Western European countries, the present study shows that young Poles display the features characteristic of the developmental period called emerging adulthood only to an extent.

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The psychometric properties of the Polish version of QADS are sufficient to recommend this tool for diagnostic and research use.