Using the new TLCO method, we confirm the hypothesis that renal cortical oxygenation is reduced in CKD in humans, and that the level of cortical oxygenation correlates with CKD severity.

Chronic kidney disease due to VUR is not associated with kidney tissue hypoxia in children. The significantly larger furosemide-induced decrease in medullary R2* levels in the healthy group and unaffected contralateral kidneys of the VUR group points towards more intense renal sodium transport in these kidneys.

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