English as a foreign language (EFL) university students use reflective journals as learning logs to express or capture their ideas within a scientific conceptual framework. The objectives of this research are to (1) describe the power of reflective journal writing in communicating ideas, and (2) identify the aspects of reflective journal writing that aid learning in an EFL context. The reflective journals were written by 21 EFL university students. This research takes a qualitative approach, with the primary data coming from several reflective journals (N=124) while the secondary data coming from EFL students’ interviews (N=15). The research results showed that reflective journals were useful for students to make critical reflections and self-discovery responses to writing topics. The students learned to focus on writing components such as order, unity, coherence, cohesiveness, content, and organization of ideas through reflective journal writing. The students’ perspectives on aspects of reflective journal writing were primarily concerned with macro-and micro-level linguistic issues, as evidenced from the interview results. Writing a reflective journal necessitated their ability to reformulate thoughts, provide details, and solve problems. Furthermore, critical thinking, metacognitive skills, and self-reflections became increasingly important in helping the students to develop their ability to write reflective journals.

This study outlines the contributions of work-based knowledge to the praxis of educational leadership in higher education. The research method is mainly concerned with a systematic review of literature that maps out relevant published articles on work-based learning and educational leadership using research guidelines namely 1) eligibility criteria, 2) data selection processes, and 3) data analysis. The results show that work-based learning has been touted as a pathway to learning transformation, participation in real-work situations, learning challenges and cultural contexts. More importantly, the appreciation of cultural values provides fertile ground for collaboration and lifelong learning in communities of practices and related organizations. Other componential parts of work-based learning potentials have influenced students to promote learning quality, authentic experiences, technology-enhanced knowledge, and work flexibility. Educational leadership has emerged as a means of leadership formation that highlights leadership emancipation and gender justice, role models [qudwa hasana] in Islamic guidance, and leadership roles including affective qualities and mentoring, problemsolving and knowledge creation. Both work-based learning and educational leadership correlate to each other in terms of some conditions namely collaboration, cultural context, engagement, and learning flexibility.

The objectives of this research are to describe laboratory knowledge, teaching experience, work motivation and laboratory management, to know the influence of knowledge, teaching experience, and work motivation on the laboratory management either independently or collectively, and to know the contents of the laboratory, teaching experience, and work motivation in terms of the laboratory management organized either independently or collectively. This research is an ex post facto research along with a correlational approach. The population of samples comprised 36 teachers of the Dress Fashion in Yogyakarta City. The results showed a significant influence of the laboratory knowledge on the laboratory management with the f count of 15.597. There was a significant influence of teaching practice experience on the laboratory management with the f count of 5.119; there was a significant influence of work motivation on the laboratory management with the f count of 17.207, and there was a significant influence of laboratory knowledge, practical teaching experience, and work motivation on the laboratory management at the Vocational School teachers of Yogyakarta City with the f count of 10.848, and laboratory knowledge variables, practice teaching experience and work motivation (50.4%) simultaneously influenced the laboratory management.

Cohesion has become a crucial component of academic writing that promotes the semantic connection within phrases and sentences. The objectives of this literature review research are to identify different forms of cohesions and the most common form of cohesion in articles on EFL academic writing. This study extracted records from Google Scholar and Scopus databases and selected 20 studies in the last five years out of 700 on the use of cohesions in the writing of EFL students. The data was gathered by sorting similar messages, finding cohesions, clarifying cohesions, and counting the cohesions with the highest percentage. The research results show that the published articles containing cohesions represent the reference (35%), paired conjunctions (15%), reiteration (40%), and collocation (10%). The most common type of cohesion is reiteration, which is essential for comprehending what the authors mean in their published works. Cohesions in theoretical and practical grounds contribute to the explicitness of semantic components of words or phrases to generate the messages conveyed to readers.

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