Invasive cervical resorption is entirely uncommon entities and the etiology is poorly understood. A 19 year old patient presented with fractured upper left central incisor and sinus tract opening on the distobuccal aspect in cervical region. Radiographic examination shows irregular radiolucency over the coronal one-third and it extended externally towards the external invasive resorption. After sectional obturation, the defect was accessed surgically. The resorption area was chemomechanically debrided using irrigant solution. Fibre post placement using flowable composite resin and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was used to fill the resorptive defect, and the coronal access was temporarily sealed. Composite restoration was subsequently replaced with ceramic crown after 4 years. Radiographs at 1 and 4 years showed adequate repair of the resorption and endodontic success. Clinically and radiographically the tooth was asymptomatic, and no periodontal pocket was found after a 4-year followup.

The main aim of restorative dentistry is to protect the vitality of the Pulp tissue. The pin point carious expoure and iatrogenic errors warrant the need for various pulp capping procedures like Indirect Pulp Capping and Direct Pulp Capping. Pulp Capping is dressing of the dental pulp exposed due to mechanical procedure, carious lesion or traumatic injury to preserve its vitality and function. There has been constant evolution and research on materials used to cap the Pulp tissue. The different kind of chemical and biological materials has been used with varying degree of success. The prognosis based on the pulp capping material has dramatically improved with the introduction of bioactive cement. Though MTA and biodentine have shown a high success rate, their properties can be adversely affected with error in powder/liquid ratio and may present with difficulty in the handling characteristic. Premixed bioceramics have been introduced in the market and present with desirable properties as a pulp capping agent. Owing to good handling characteristics, biocompatibility, odontogenic property, and antibacterial action it is a potent pulp capping agent for clinical application. This review is aimed to discuss the introduction of premixed bioceramics, forms of premixed bioceramics available, and its physical, chemical, and biocompatible properties.

Objective: The objective is to evaluate the efficacy of different desensitizing agents in the reduction of postoperative sensitivity after composite restoration. Materials and methods: Class I cavities were prepared in 39 patients by the same operator. The patients included in the study were between 20 and 45 years with vital pulp and a remaining dentin thickness of 1mm. Previously restored, nonvital and tooth with periodical changes were excluded. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups of 13 each - Group I (Control); Group II (Gluma desensitizer) and Group III (shield active desensitizer [SAD]). After the surface treatment, the teeth were restored with composite. The patients were assessed for postoperative sensitivity at 24 hours and one week with a visual analog scale (VAS). Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using SPSS v23 software. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Gluma and SAD on comparison with control group i.e. composite group showed statistical significance difference at day 1 (P-value 0.003), but on comparing the sensitivity after one week, there is no significant difference in sensitivity score between all three groups (P-value 0.073). There was no statistically significant difference between day 1 and one week when comparing Gluma desensitizer and SAD. Conclusion: The application of the desensitizer led to a statistically significant reduction in postoperative sensitivity on day 1 and a clinically significant reduction was observed at one week.

BACKGROUND The advances in the magnification sector have revolutionised the endodontic treatment from tactile and radiograph based to the vision driven. Using magnification tools like loupes, microscopes, rod lens endoscopes and oroscopes in the endodontic practice enables the clinician to magnify the field of treatment further than that by naked eyes. Suitable illumination along with magnification adds to the success of any dental procedure. Dating back to 1870, surgical loupes have been used. Apotheker and Jako introduced microscope in dentistry for the first time in 1978. Carr, in 1992 highlighted the role of the surgical operating microscope in endodontics. Various applications of surgical operating microscopes include minimally invasive surgical techniques like in periodontal regenerative procedures, adhesive dentistry and various procedures in endodontics like caries detection, for hidden canals, pulp stone removal, instrument removal, surgical endodontics, retreatment, perforation seal etc. Parts of operating microscope include optical components, objective lens, binocular tubes, eyepieces, lighting unit and mounting system. Accessories include motorised / foot-controlled adjustment of focal length, mechanical optical rotating assembly (MORA) interface and beam splitter. Magnification aids assist in producing higher quality procedures due to better precision and accuracy. Using the microscope aids improved ergonomics for the operator. Using loupes or microscopes improves the clarity in treatment plan as well as its execution. The magnification aids with camera and video monitor attached, enhance the patient education and better documentation. A strong consideration should be given to adopt using the concept of magnification. This review intended to explain the use of these tools in dental procedures for better accuracy, handling and thoroughness, which will lead to fewer procedural errors. KEY WORDS Magnification, Illumination, Loupes

Background: In the dental health-care setups, the environmental object and surfaces are expected to be infected by the COVID virus wherein definite procedures are performed. Consequently, these objects and surfaces, particularly where COVID-19 patients are being treated, must be appropriately cleaned and sanitized to stop further spread. Objective: The present article is intended for providing protocols about the cleaning and disinfection of objects and surfaces in the circumstances of COVID-19 for Dental operatories. Methods: Studies evaluating the surface characteristics of the virus as well as effective disinfection measures have been documented. Results: Various chemicals in different concentrations have a virocidal effect. The devices introduced include used UV radiation and ozone. Conclusion: These changes in dental clinical practice are needed to save humanity by preventing further transmission of disease.