Diatom is classified as algae within the Division of Bacillariophyta. They are unicellular eukaryotic organisms characterized by siliceous cell walls that can be long preserved in sediments. Therefore, diatom analysis in sediment records is a potential water quality indicator for present or paleo studies. The current knowledge on the distribution and diversity of diatoms in the sediment in the urban pond is poorly known. This study aimed to identify the distribution and diversity of diatoms from the sediments of the pond. We expect to obtain a primary database of a variety of diatoms. The sediment samples were taken from Cibuntu and Cilalay Ponds in Cibinong Botanical Garden. Sediments were digested using HCL and H2O2. The resulting diatom solution was dried and transferred onto glass coverslip, which subsequently mounted onto microscope slides using Naphrax (Refraction index 1.7). Diatom identification was examined using a light microscope at 1,000x magnification. Diatom communities in Cibuntu Pond were dominated by species Aulacoseria ambigua, Eunotia bilunaris, Cymbopleura sp, Discostella stelligera, and Rossithidium sp with diversity index of 2.4 and species evenness of 0.8. Whereas, species Fragilaria sp, Eunotia monodon, Navicymbula pusilla, Eunotia bilunaris, and Pinnularia viridis were predominant in Cilalay Pond with diversity index of 1.6 and species evenness of 0.5. Based on the diatom community, Cibuntu Pond is eutrophic indicated by the occurrence of Aulacoseria ambigua, whereas Cilalay Pond is meso-eutrophic indicated by the dominance of Fragillaria. This exploratory survey provides the first inventory of diatom assemblage in Cibuntu and Cilalay Ponds for roughly inferring the environmental changes in a shallow lake ecosystem.
Tekanan lingkungan yang disebabkan dari okupasi lahan, alih fungsi lahan, dan tingginya laju abrasi telah dialami oleh Hutan Mangrove Muara Gembong selama bertahun-tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi data awal tentang struktur dan komposisi vegetasi mangrove dan gastropoda mangrove serta hubungan keduanya terhadap kondisi lingkungan yang diteliti di garis pantai Desa Pantai Bahagia sebagai landasan evaluasi perubahan yang terjadi pada ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Stasiun penelitian ini dikelompokan menjadi area reforestasi (Stasiun A), area alami tanpa tekanan dan alami dengan tekanan wisata (Stasiun B), serta stasiun reforestasi moderat alami (Stasiun C). Hasil pengamatan di lapangan, terdapat 4 spesies vegetasi mangrove pada area garis pantai penahan abrasi gelombang laut di Pantai Bahagia. Vegetasi tersebut meliputi Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia marina, Rhizopora apiculata, dan Rhizopora mucronata. Hasil pengamatan gastropoda, terdapat 14 spesies gastropoda yang termasuk dalam famili Potamididae, Ellobiidae, Neritidae, Littorinidae, dan Pupinidae. Stasiun dengan diversitas tertinggi ada pada stasiun area alami tanpa tekanan (Substasiun B1), dan indeks dominansi tertinggi ada pada substasiun A2. Distribusi gastropoda menunjukan distribusi mengelompok kecuali substasiun C2 yang merata. Berdasarkan hasil distribusi, lokasi penelitian ini menunjukan lingkungan mengalami degradasi lingkungan. Nilai eigen dan korelasi dari ordinasi CCA menunjukan bahwa pH, kerapatan basal mangrove, tutupan kanopi, jenis sedimen, dan TDS adalah variabel yang secara holistik berkontribusi terhadap komunitas gastropoda secara berurutan. Mayoritas takson gastropoda mengelompok di sisi yang sama dengan pH sebagai variabel dengan nilai korelasi linear terbesar, yaitu 62,14%. Selanjutnya, kerapatan basal mangrove berkontribusi secara positif sebesar 34,29% terhadap komunitas gastropoda.
Tekanan lingkungan yang disebabkan dari okupasi lahan, alih fungsi lahan, dan tingginya laju abrasi telah dialami oleh Hutan Mangrove Muara Gembong selama bertahun-tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi data awal tentang struktur dan komposisi vegetasi mangrove dan gastropoda mangrove serta hubungan keduanya terhadap kondisi lingkungan yang diteliti di garis pantai Desa Pantai Bahagia sebagai landasan evaluasi perubahan yang terjadi pada ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Stasiun penelitian ini dikelompokan menjadi area reforestasi (Stasiun A), area alami tanpa tekanan dan alami dengan tekanan wisata (Stasiun B), serta stasiun reforestasi moderat alami (Stasiun C). Hasil pengamatan di lapangan, terdapat 4 spesies vegetasi mangrove pada area garis pantai penahan abrasi gelombang laut di Pantai Bahagia. Vegetasi tersebut meliputi Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia marina, Rhizopora apiculata, dan Rhizopora mucronata. Hasil pengamatan gastropoda, terdapat 14 spesies gastropoda yang termasuk dalam famili Potamididae, Ellobiidae, Neritidae, Littorinidae, dan Pupinidae. Stasiun dengan diversitas tertinggi ada pada stasiun area alami tanpa tekanan (Substasiun B1), dan indeks dominansi tertinggi ada pada substasiun A2. Distribusi gastropoda menunjukan distribusi mengelompok kecuali substasiun C2 yang merata. Berdasarkan hasil distribusi, lokasi penelitian ini menunjukan lingkungan mengalami degradasi lingkungan. Nilai eigen dan korelasi dari ordinasi CCA menunjukan bahwa pH, kerapatan basal mangrove, tutupan kanopi, jenis sedimen, dan TDS adalah variabel yang secara holistik berkontribusi terhadap komunitas gastropoda secara berurutan. Mayoritas takson gastropoda mengelompok di sisi yang sama dengan pH sebagai variabel dengan nilai korelasi linear terbesar, yaitu 62,14%. Selanjutnya, kerapatan basal mangrove berkontribusi secara positif sebesar 34,29% terhadap komunitas gastropoda.
The Mangrove ecosystem of Muara Gembong has been under continuing stress by land occupation, land conversion, and abrasion. This research was aimed to reveal the mangrove and gastropods community structure circumstance. A contribution of the environmental factor was also assessed to evaluate the interaction among them and to track the changes of the ecosystem. This research was conducted by purposive sampling in 3 sampling sites, these were a full reforestation site (A), a central site, that was exist by natural process (B), also a moderate reforestation site (C), with 3 sampling replication each site. About 4 mangrove species within shoreline has been progressively important as a protective flood barrier and abrasion at Muara Gembong. The highest gastropod diversity was found in the B1 site, while the highest dominance was found in A2. The C2 site is the only site that showed us a uniform dispersion of gastropods when the other sites showed a clumped dispersion. It can be implied that the ecosystem has been gradually degraded. Eigen and loading value from Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that a gastropods community was holistically affected by pH, basal area, canopy, substrate, and TDS. The community of gastropods was influenced 62.14% by pH, and 34.29% by basal area. while the highest dominance was found in A2. The C2 site is the only site that showed us a uniform dispersion of gastropods when the other sites showed a clumped dispersion. It can be implied that the ecosystem has been gradually degraded.
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