Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate dietary crude protein (CP) level on performance of body weight (BW) gain, carcass production, and nitrogen emission on lambs. Materials and Methods: A total of 12 male thin-tailed lambs (15.2±1.8 kg initial BW and aged 3-4 months) were assigned to completely randomized design for 84-day feeding trial. The animals were divided into three different levels of CP (i.e., 14%, 16%, and 18% with isocaloric diets and 60% total digestible nutrients) with four replications. Results: Increasing CP level was not significantly affected on average daily gain (ADG), carcass production, N and N2O emissions, and efficiency of emissions related to the productions. The average of ADG, carcass production, meat production, meat protein production, N emission, and N2O emission was 141.4 g, 11.6 kg, 6.8 kg, 0.9 kg, 53.1 g/day, and 0.3 g/day, respectively. The efficiency of ADG, carcass production, meat production, and meat protein related to N emissions were 119.7 g/kg, 4.4 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, and 56.6 g/kg, respectively, while N2O emissions related to ADG, carcass production, meat production, and meat protein were 2.4 g/kg, 0.027 g/kg, 0.36 g/kg, and 0.34 g/kg, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the increase of CP level up to 18% did not affect productivity, N emissions, and efficiency of emissions per unit product because the increase of CP was not balanced by energy content in feed.

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This studywasaimed to examine the development and function ofdigestive organsof lamb in digesting feed based on feed digestibility valueandeating behaviour. The materials used were 11 lambs aged 3-4 months, body weight(BW)14.78 ± 1.99 kg (CV 3.98%), and 11 ramsaged 10-12 months, BW 22.18 ± 1.81 kg (CV 3.29%). The study used a completelyrandomized design of 2x2 in nestedpatterns. There were two ages compared (lambs vs ram) and every age was nested the diet i.e.100%Napiergrass (G100) vs mixed pellet 50% grass and 50% concentrate(G50C50). The diet was given at 3.5% of BW. Parameters observed were dry matter intake(DMI)and digestibility, eating and ruminating time. The results showed that were no significant differences between lambs and rams in DMI (averaged 3.33% BW),digestibility (averaged 49.00%), eating (192.56 min/d), and ruminating (364 min/d). Animalsgiven diet G50C50 had higher (P<0.05) DMI (666 vs 565 g/d), digestibility (50.49%vs 47.53%), and less (P<0.05) eating (47 vs 338 min/d) and ruminating (305 vs 423 min/d), as compared withthose fed diet G100.It is concludedthat the digestive tracts of lambs had developed and function to the stage similar to ram.

Appropriate technology must be applied to dairy farming businesses to support business progress so as to increase production optimally. The purpose of this study was to determine the structure of social networking and appropriate technology dissemination in the dairy farmers of the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research material is 90 dairy farmers in Yogyakarta. The study was conducted using a survey method. The research method used in this research was descriptive analytical method. Social networking at the dissemination was analyzed by Social Network Analysis (SNA) using an analysis tool, Gephi 0.92. Sources of information about appropriate technology come from various parties including family, friends, dairy farmers, veterinarians, cooperative officers, livestock extension agents, employees of milk processing companies, and online media. Dairy farmers in Yogyakarta it is known that the most important source of information about appropriate technology comes from cooperative officers. Cooperative officers are the most trusted source and the main consideration in the decision to adopt technology.

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membuat program penguatan pakan bagi ternak ruminansia dalam menghadapi permasalahan ketersedaiaan pakan pada musim kemarau dan lahan yang semakin menyempit di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Luaran yang diharapkan adalah adalah kemampuan peternak untuk 1) menentukan waktu tanam dan waktu panen hijauan dalam pembuatan silase; 2) menentukan jumlah hijauan yang harus disediakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sapi selama musim kemarau; 3) membuat silase hijauan berkualitas baik. Metode yang digunakan berupa penyuluhan, diskusi dan praktek pembuatan silase. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu respon positif dari para peternak, adanya pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan silase dan juga peternak mampu memahami materi yang diberikan. Keberhasilan progran ini dibuktikan dengan kemampuan peternak membuat hijauan silase dan membantu penyediaan pakan untuk sapi perah pada saat musim kemarau. Kata kunci : peternak, sapi perah, teknologi silase PENDAHULUAN Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang secara geografis terletak di daerah dengan ketinggian 1100 diatas permukaan laut dan temperatur 18-23°C. Kondisi tersebut dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk beternak sapi, baik itu sapi perah maupun sapi potong. Data dari Kecamatan Pujon 2015 melaporkan bahwa dari jumlah penduduk 62.230 jiwa sebesar 63% adalah peternak sapi perah dan juga sebagian kecil sapi potong dengan jumlah kepemilikan sapi rata-rata 2-3 ekor, sehingga