Removal methylene blue from water using coconut waste ash activated by NaCl is studied in this paper. The characteristic of morphology and pore structure of coconut waste ash is analyzed using SEM, show that pores were formed after activation. XRF analysis revealed that the coconut waste ash before activation contains 20,19 % of Si. The effect of NaCl concentration on the adsorption behavior is investigated. The results show that the optimum concentration of NaCl to activating the coconut waste ash is 300 ppm. The adsorption capacity of coconut waste ash without activation, NaCl-activated coconut waste ash on 200 ppm, 300 ppm, and 400 ppm is 1.103 mg/g, 1.152 mg/g, 1.2102 mg/g, and 1.1109 mg/g respectively.

Composite membrane is synthesized using well-synthesized chitosan as matrix crosslink with fly ash as filler and modified using 3-glicydyloxypro-pyltrimetoxy silane coupling agent. XRD analysis is carried out to characterize fly ash. While, FTIR characterization is conducted to determine the interaction between chitosan matrix and fly ash that has been modified using silane. The emergence of a new absorption at wave numbers 1118.64 cm-1 shows the inter-action between silane and fly ash. In addition, the widening of OH absorption shows that hydrogen bonds are formed between the silane and chitosan. The interaction is also demonstrated by the evenly distributed hills and valleys on AFM topography analysis. Characterizing the composite membrane with TGA analysis is done to determine thermal stability. While, proton conductivity of the composite membranes are measured using EIS. The highest conductivity values are obtained with the addition of 5 % silane concentration of 2.75x10-4 S cm-1 at room temperature, 3.995x10-4 S cm-1 at 40?C, and 3.909x10-4 S cm-1 at 60?C. On the contrary, measurements at 80?C, decomposition in all composite membranes occur. Thus, the crosslinked composite membrane chitosan - fly ash prepared by silane-crosslinking technique has potential to be applied with polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC).

No abstract

Desa Suwayuwo merupakan daerah di wilayah Kabupaten Pasuruan yang menjadi sentra industri pengolahan kapuk dengan produksi puluhan ton setiap tahunnya. Produk yang dihasilkan dari industri pengolahan kapuk bermacam-macam, seperti kapuk halus, biji, kulit, dan ampas. Produk samping dari pengolahan kapuk yang berupa biji kapuk hanya dijual ke industri terdekat. Hal ini dikarenakan masyarakat setempat maupun pihak industri pengolahan kapuk menganggap bahwa produk samping tersebut tersebut merupakan limbah dan tidak dapat diolah menjadi produk. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi masyarakat dan juga sentra industri kapuk di Desa Suwayuwo, Pasuruan untuk diberikan pembinaan dan pelatihan skill agar mendapatkan pengetahuan serta keterampilan dalam mengolah produk samping berupa biji kapuk. Salah satu bentuk pelatihan keterampilan yang dapat diberikan kepada masyarakat dan juga sentra industri kapuk adalah cara pembuatan bahan bakar biodiesel dari biji kapuk. Pengabdian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 2 Oktober 2021 dengan peserta sebanyak 10-15 peserta. Berdasarkan hasil uji kuisioner dapat diketahui bahwa nilai mean mencapai angka 3.90 dan nilai modus dari masing-masing pertanyaan adalah 4.0. Hal ini dapat diinformasikan bahwa peserta pelatihan paham, merasakan manfaat serta puas terhadap adanya pembinaan dalam pemanfaatan biji kapuk menjadi biodiesel.. Peserta pelatihan juga mendapatkan hibah sebuah mesin screw press dari tim pengabdian yang dapat digunakan untuk memproduksi biodiesel secara mandiri.

The purpose of this PKM is to provide training on making dish soap and hand washing to the Posyandu with Disabilities in Bedali Village. It is hoped that this training will encourage the interest and creativity of the members of the Posyandu with disabilities to become entrepreneurs. The output of this PkM is an increase in partner skills, partner HR competitiveness, and appropriate technology. PKM activities began with the procurement of tools and materials for making soap, making soap-making video tutorials, implementing soap-making training activities at the Posyandu group of Posyandu with Disabilities in Bedali Village which was carried out by taking into account K3 aspects and the Covid-19 health protocol.