A simple, efficient and ligand-free protocol for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction and base-free Heck–Matsuda reactions under mild reaction conditions has been developed over palladium supported on activated carbon (Pd/C) in an aqueous hydrotropic solution.

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Synthetic applications of a polymer supported air-stable palladium NHC complex with a spacer (catalyst6, Pd–NHC@SP–PS) and without a spacer (catalyst7, Pd–NHC@PS) have been studied for the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction.

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Over the last 30-40 years, Pd-catalyzed C-C bond-forming reactions have gained immense importance for their use in synthesis of biologically and pharmaceutically important organic fragments. Heterogeneous Pd catalysts supported on porous materials, especially zeolites, have many advantages as they have high surface area with tunable acidity and basicity, hydrophobic and hydrophilic character, shape and size selectivity, as well as chemical and thermal stability. They also offer very easy recovery and reusability. This review covers the literature published on the synthesis and characterization of Pd catalysts supported on zeolites and their applications in various organic transformations.