The article provides an analysis of the data on the causes of the development of such a widespread pathology as eating disorders. The influence of various factors on the formation of this severe and difficultly curable pathology is being investigated. The article provides an overview of the literary data of the historical works and proceedings of the Department of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, which was at the forefront of the study of this pathology. English version of this article on pp. 321-329 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/revisiting-the-relationship-between-sociocultural-and-biological-factors-in-the-development-of-eating-disorders-55-year-experience-of-the-department-of-psychiatry-and-medical-psychology-pfur/63933.html