Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common acute surgical condition of the abdomen and appendicular lump is formed if treatment is delayed. It is encountered in 2-6%of patients. The traditional treatment of appendicular lump is conservative followed by delayed appendectomy. During conservative treatment 10-20% are not resolved and lead to gangrene or perforation followed by localized abscess or generalized peritonitis requiring early surgical intervention. Aims & Objective: A comparison of early exploration versus conservative management of appendicular lump. Material and Methods: A total of 632 patients were admitted in emergency and OPD of this hospital with diagnosis of appendicular lump and acute appendicitis over a period of three years, all were included in the study. All age groups and both sexes were included. The patients were divided randomly into two groups. Group I, early surgical exploration and group II, conservative approach with OCHSNER SHERREN, REGIME followed by interval appendectomy. Results: Out of 632 patients, only 62 patients who presented with appendicular lump were reviewed, suggesting 9.81% incidence. Maximum patients were found in age group of 21-30 years. Average duration of symptoms was 4 days. Two methods were adopted for the management of appendicular lump. The first group included 31 patients who were operated immediately after investigations and second group of 31 patients were managed conservatively followed by delayed appendectomy. In the first group mean hospitalization time was 4 days. Residual abscess, adhesive intestinal obstruction, failure of treatment and readmission were not observed. In the II group mean hospitalization time 10 days, more chances of residual abscess, adhesive intestinal obstruction, failure of treatment and readmissions were noted. Conclusion: Based on our finding, it can be concluded that early surgical exploration confirms the diagnosis and cures the problem, reduce the cost of management, shortens the convalescence and hospital stay with reasonably satisfactory outcome.

Inclusion criteria • All the patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery A B S T R A C T Introduction: Infections that occur in a postsurgical wound are referred to as Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) which results in patient discomfort, prolonged hospital stay and increased cost. The present study was planned to determine the risk factors and incidence of abdominal surgical site infections and to formulate measures to prevent them. Material and Methods: A prospective, open label clinical study of 24 months duration was conducted on 100 admitted cases in the post graduate Department of Surgery, Rohilkhand Medical College, Bareilly to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with the abdominal surgical site infections in elective abdominal surgery. Results: The incidence of surgical site infection was 7% in present study. Open surgery have a significantly higher risk of SSI (4/30; 13.3%) as compared to other procedures (3/70; 4.3%) (RR=3.09). Laparoscopic procedures have been reported to have minimal SSI rate. Smoking was found to be significantly associated with a higher risk of SSI (RR=9.37). Significant association of time lag between shaving and surgery with SSI (RR=2.67). Relative risk of SSI (3.4) in patients above 50 years of age and ASA Grade>II. In majority of cases (85.71%) SSI was recorded on third post-operative day. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate (42.86%) followed by Pseudomonas (28.57%), E. coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusion: Open procedures, Smoking, Pre-op Hospital stay >1 day and ASA grade>II were found to be significantly associated with SSI. Mean duration of hospital stay of SSI patients was longer.

Introduction: This study was designed to analyse wide spectrum magnitude of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in surgical aspect with its clinico-patho-radiological profile and treatment modalities. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in postgraduate