It is necessary to analyze human gait for treatment and rehabilitation of human with musculoskeletal disorders of the locomotion apparatus (LA). The main goal of this work is evaluation of locomotion apparatus motion parameters captured by inertial measurement units (IMU) during walking. Motion Capture technology is process of getting practical results and data from IMU installed in different parts of human lower limbs. Synchronously, IMU send information about human movements to PC at the same moment of time. Such method gives an opportunity to follow parameters in some points of human leg in real time. The way of devices mounting and instruction for human under monitoring are based on related medical projects. Walking is selected for estimation of the musculoskeletal system as typical action. Experiment results got from several experiments were considered and analyzed.Basically, walking is described as a set of the system “human” discrete states. In the same time, the IMU sensors transmit motion parameters data continuously. It is proposed to present the man as a system with a control signal in the form of the double support period. The length will be measured using data from IMU. Double support period is chosen because its presence distinguishes walking from running.The most attention is given to getting the same practical results and data that can be obtained by placing the devices in different parts of the body. Moreover, a technique of using inertial measurement devices for measuring human motion to get some numerical results is shown. The use of this technique in practice demonstrated that it can be used to obtain an objective parameter describing the motion of the person. Continuation of this work is directed to create a complete model of the lower limbs motion for usage in practice [1].

Drilling optimization is an engineering strategy to drill wells more productively and efficiently. Specific objectives of directional drilling are good hole quality, firm directional control, high angle-build capacity, maximal durability, optimal rate of penetration (ROP) and low non-productive time (NPT). This can be achieved through a perfect combination of well design, mathematical drilling models, drilling data analysis, and applications of new and high techniques. High ROP in safe and stable drilling conditions is the most valuable optimization objective. Our study mainly focuses on ROP improvement in directional wells. In this paper, three directional control technologies: steerable mud motors, targeted bit speed systems (TBS) and rotary steerable systems (RSS) have been investigated. Average ROPs with implementation of these technologies have been compared by analyzing more than 30 wells drilled in Russia. When drilling directional wells with a steerable mud motor, the number of sliding intervals has to be increased to achieve higher dogleg severity (DLS). It results in decreased total ROP, an averaged value in sliding and rotating operations. Conventionally, ROP in rotating intervals is roughly estimated to be two times higher than ROP in sliding intervals. From the analysis of several field cases, a model to describe the total ROP has been developed, where the DLS influence is taken into account. It provides useful knowledge for wellbore trajectory design in terms of achieving high ROP. Nowadays, factors as bit types, tooth-wear and hydraulics, formation characteristics, drilling mud properties and operational conditions, etc. are considered to optimize rotary drilling. However, the influence of wellbore trajectory, inclination and azimuth in particular, is ignored in existing ROP models. In this study, a traditional multi-regression Bourgoyne and Young ROP model has been extended by dogleg severity factor (DLS) to link the wellbore trajectory design to ROP optimization. The proposed empirical model has been applied to several drilling data sets. Calculated ROP values were compared, and the increased accuracy was seen for all cases. This model can be used for wellbore trajectory planning, more precise ROP prediction and optimization, and post-analysis of drilled wells.

An inertial measurement system is described in this study. In the first part of the paper history and gait cycle terminology are described and a relevant research is made. The system is used for an analysis of human gait and determination of its major parameters. Several inertial measurement units (IMUs) are attached to subject's feet. The program is used to analyze original signals from the IMUs. The analysis algorithm is described in detail. Performed experiments and the ways the data were analyzed are also described. The paper also includes the statistical estimation of the data.