Attention brought to the effects of surgical smoke. Presentation of the harmful effects of surgical smoke reported by doctors and nurses. Identification of the precautions that can be taken against surgical smoke.

No abstract

Skin cancer is an important health problem worldwide among cancer types and results in death at a minimum level in the case of early diagnosis. Therefore, the application of prevention programs is vital. Nurses by definition take responsibility for programs in prevention, early diagnosis, and screening for cancer. This study was conducted to determine the extent of skin cancer knowledge and protective behaviors among nursing students in the West Black Sea Region of Turkey. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted between February and May 2015. The study sample consisted of 965 nursing students. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire form. Nursing students had a moderate level of knowledge, with average scores of 24.35 ± 3.66. The knowledge levels of first-year students were lowest compared with other years. It was determined that, among nursing students, the percentage of "negative behaviors" in response to skin cancer protective behaviors was higher than for "positive behaviors." The results of this study highlight the knowledge level and skin cancer protective behaviors of nursing students. Training, seminars, and workshops that teach about risk factors, early detection, protective behaviors, and skin self-examination skills could increase the knowledge level of nursing students.

Patients are at risk for unplanned hypothermia during the perioperative period due to many reasons, including anesthesia, low room temperature, cold intravenous fluid, and blood transfusion. This study was conducted to examine the effect of active and passive warming methods applied in patients during the perioperative period on unplanned hypothermia. This study is a case-control type study. The population of this study is composed of the patients hospitalized in surgical clinic and undergone abdominal region-related operations. Ninety patients were accidentally included in the study. The first group of patients were actively warmed during the perioperative period (carbon fiber resistive system - W-500D + 190 × 50 cm), the second group was passively warmed at least for 20 minutes during preoperative period (with blanket, socks etc.), and the third group was followed up as the control group. It was established that body temperature average of the active warming group has significantly increased during perioperative period (p < 0.001), and this temperature was significantly higher than the other groups until the third hour. It was found that the body temperature average of all groups was equal to 36.2 ± 0.26, 35.4 ± 0.49, and 35.2 ± 0.47, respectively, at the end of operation, and the difference among them was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001). The active warming method applied with carbon fiber resistive system during the perioperative period is an effective method.

Ameliyat döneminde istenmeyen hipotermi cerrahi operasyon geçiren hastaların çoğunda görülmektedir. Anestezi, uzun süren ameliyatlar, soğuk ameliyathane odası, ileri yaş, ASA skoru IV ve üstü olan hastalarda hipotermi görülme riski daha fazladır. Hipotermi görülen hastalarda cerrahi alan enfeksiyonların, kanamanın, postoperatif ağrının arttığı, anestezi sonrası uyanmanın geciktiği, termal konforun bozdulduğu ve hastanede kalış süresinin uzattığı bildirilmektedir. Bu derleme makale, ameliyat döneminde istenmeyen hipoterminin önlenmesinde kanıta dayalı uygulamaları incelemek amacıyla hazırlandı. Ameliyat döneminde istenmeyen hipoterminin önlenmesi için ameliyattan önce her hasta hipoermi riski açısından değerlendirilmedir. Cerrahinin uzun sürmesi, düşük vücut kütle oranı, düşük tansiyon, soğuk irigasyon sıvılarının kullanılması hipotermi riskini attırmaktadır (Kanıt düzeyi orta). Riskli gurupta olduğu tespit edilen ve vücut sıcaklığı <36 o C olan hastalar ameliyatta alınmadan aktif olarak ısıtılmalı ve bu ameliyat esnasında da sürdürülmelidir. Otuz dakikanın üzerinde süren ameliyatlarda tüm hastalar aktif olarak ısıtılmalıdır (Kanıt düzeyi düşük). Hastanın vücut sıcaklığı anestezi indüksiyonu öncesi ve ameliyat esnasında 30 dakikada bir ölçülmeli ve kaydedilmelidir. Ameliyat döneminde ısınma hastalarda postoperatif ağrıyı, yara yeri enfeksiyonu, titremeyi ve perioperatif kan kaybınını azalmaktadır (Kanıt düzeyi orta). Sonuç olarak ameliyat döneminde istenmeyen hipotermi ile ilgili kanıta dayalı uygulamalar ışığında ameliyat döneminde hasta bakım standartları yeniden düzenlenmelidir. Normal vücut sıcaklığını korumak için uygulanacak önlemler ve farklı aktif ısıtma yöntemleri kendi içinde karşılaştıran kanıt düzeyi yüksek çalışmalarla desteklenmelidir.