Latar Belakang : Kanker Nasofaring merupakan penyakit endemik di beberapa bagian di Asia Tenggara dan Cina. Pada tahun 2018 terdapat 348.809 kasus baru dan 207.210 kematian yang disebabkan oleh kanker nasofaring. Insidensi kanker nasofaring akan meningkat setelah berusia 30 tahun dan insidensi tertinggi berada pada usia 45-55 tahun. Insidensi kanker nasofaring pada pria lebih tinggi 2-3 kali dibandingkan insidensi pada wanita. Pasien kanker nasofaing pada umumnya terdiagnosa pada stadium lanjut sehingga memberburuk prognosis. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, maka penulis ingin mengetahui karakteristik histopatologi dan stadium klinis kanker nasofaring di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2016 – 2019. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik histopatologi kanker nasofaring dan stadium klinis kanker nasofaring, untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi kanker nasofaring berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan usia di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahu 2016-2019. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif dengan sampel sebanyak 63 pasien di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2016 – 2019 Hasil: Secara garis besar ditemukan bahwa pasien dengan diagnosis kanker nasofaring di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek tahun 2016 – 2019 terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 63 pasien. Distribusi tertinggi berdasarkan umur yaitu pada kelompok 46 – 55 tahun dengan persentase 28.6%, berdasarkan jenis kelamin yaitu laki – laki dengan persentase 65%, berdasarkan tipe histopatologi yaitu Nonkeratinizing Cell Carcinoma – Undifferentiated subtype dengan persentase 71.4% dan berdasarkan stadium klinis yaitu Stadium III, yaitu sebanyak 22 kasus atau 63.3%.Kesimpulan : Didapatkan karakteristik histopatologi dan stadium klinis kanker nasofaring dan didapatkan distribusi frekuensi kanker nasofaring berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan usia di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2016 – 2019
AbstrakTeknik relaksasi dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah pasien melalui penurunan stres. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan kadar gula darah pasien diabetes mellitus sebelum dan sesudah relaksasi di salah satu rumah sakit di Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain kuasi eksperimen menggunakan kontrol. Sampel berjumlah 100 responden, terdiri dari masing-masing 50 responden pada kelompok intervensi kontrol. Perbedaan kadar gula darah sebelum dan sesudah latihan relaksasi dengan diuji dengan paired-sample T test. Hasil menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kadar gula darah Rerata sebesar 53,6 mg/dL sesudah relaksasi, dengan nilai p = 0,000. Angka penurunan tertinggi terjadi pada hari ketujuh relaksasi dan angka terendah terjadi pada hari ketiga. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan relaksasi dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah pasien diabetes mellitus. AbstractRelaxation is a basic nursing intervention of to decrease the blood glucose level of diabetes mellitus patients. The aim of this study was to compare blood glucose level before and after relaxation on the experiment and control group of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at a hospital in Tasikmalaya, West Java. This quasi experiment study with control group involved 100 participants, divided equally into the experiment and control group. Fifty participants were trained the relaxation technique whilst the control group didn’t. The difference of blood glucose level before and after relaxation was examined by the pairedsample T test. The blood level serum were significantly decreased about 53,6 mg/dL after relaxation with p value 0,000. The decreasing rate reached its highest on seventh day after relaxation whereas the lowest was on the third day after relaxation. In conclusion, relaxation can decrease the blood glucose level of the diabetic mellitus type 2 patients.
AbstrakUlkus diabetikum merupakan salah satu komplikasi kronis diabetes melitus dan menjadi penyebab amputasi kaki. Infeksi pada ulkus tersebut umumnya disebabkan oleh Staphylococcus aureus. Salah satu teknik pencegahan amputasi kaki diabetes adalah perawatan ulkus. Berbagai jenis bahan kompres ulkus diabetikum yang telah dikenal selama ini adalah:kompres madu, gula, Iodine, dan NaCl 0,9%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektifitas bahan kompres ulkus terhadap daya hambat Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen in vitro menggunakan satu faktor perlakuan yaitu zona hambat bahan kompres terhadap Staphylococcus aureus pada ulkus diabetikum. Enam jenis bahan yang diuji adalah aquadest, gula, Iodine 10%, campuran gula dan Iodine 10 %, madu, dan NaCl 0,9 %. Eksperimen dilakukan sebanyak 10 kali untuk mengetahui rerata luas daya hambatnya selama 24 jam. Sampel diambil dari ulkus diabetikum. Staphylococcus aureus diisolasi dari ulkus tersebut untuk eksperimen dengan berbagai bahan kompres ulkus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zona hambat madu rata-rata sebesar 0,4 mm, gula 3,0 mm, aquadest 0,0 mm, NaCl 0,9% 0,0 mm, Iodine 10% 8,3 mm dan campuran gula-Iodine 6,0 mm. Zona hambat terluas dihasilkan dari uji menggunakkan Iodine 10% (8,3 mm). Sementara campuran gula Iodine 10% menghasilkan zona hambat seluas 6 mm dan gula menghasilkan 3 mm. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan jika ditemukan Staphylococcus aureus maka dilakukan kompres Iodine 10% dengan kasa steril. Penelitian selanjutnya dengan metode in vivo perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas cairan Iodine pada ulkus diabetikum.Kata Kunci: kompres ulkus, staphylococcus aureus, ulkus diabetikum, zona hambatAbstractEffectivity of Iodine Compress to Blocking Zone of Staphylococcus aureus in Diabetes Ulcers. Diabetic foot ulcers is one of diabetes chronic complications that might lead to leg amputations. Staphylococcus aureus is known as the cause of infection in diabetic foot ulcers. One of techniques to prevent diabetic foot amputations is wound care. Various materials are known to be used to compress diabetic foot ulcers. These include of using honey, sugar, 10% of Iodine and 0.9% of NaCl. This study aimed ttify to identify the effectiveness of various wound care materials to block Staphylococcus aureus. This is an in vitro experiment study to investigate the effetiveness of six wound care materials used to wounds compress: distilled water, sugar, 10% of Iodine, a mixture of sugar and Iodine, honey and 0.9% of NaCl. Experiments were carried out in 10 times to determine the average size of block area in 24 hours. Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and soiled with various wound compressss materialls. The results showed that honey produced 0.4 mm of a blocking zone, 3.0 mm for glucose, 0.0 mm for distilled water, 0.0 mm for 0.9% of NaCl, 8.3 mm for 10% of Iodine, and 6.0 mm for mixed-Iodine Sugar. Ten percents of Iodine produced the widest zone to block Staphylicoccus aureus. This study recommends of apllying a 10% of Iodine compress if there is a positive culture of Staphylococcus aureus. A further in vivo study is a necessity to investigate the effectiveness of Iodine to diabetes foot ulcers.Keywords: blocking zone, diabetic foot ulcers, Staphylococcus aureus, wound compress
Objective: The objective of this work was to study the molecular interactions of phytochemicals in Garcinia atroviridis with SGLT-2 protein transport. Methods: Molecular docking simulation using Autodock 4.2 was performed to explore the binding affinity of phytochemicals in Garcinia atroviridis against SGLT-2 protein transport. The structure-based pharmacophore model was derived using LigandScout 4.4 Advanced to investigate the important chemical interactions of the ligands and protein target. The evaluation was conducted based on the free energy binding and visualization in silico. Results: From this study, Myricetin is the most effective compound having similarity of interaction with the amino acid residue, 4 of 5 are hydrogen bond interactions between the amino acid; HIS80, ASN75, TRP291, and LYS321 amino acid interacted with the oxygen as the proton acceptor from benzenes of the Myricetin structure, in addition, Myricetin also has the lower binding energy and inhibition constant (-9.54 kcal/mol and 101.93 nM, respectively) as compared to other compounds. Conclusion: Hence, Myricetin could become the potential compound as an antidiabetic agent in the future with good activity and lower side effects.
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