No abstract

The research analyzes the standard setting and test material on Indonesian language test, specially for foreign students in Indonesia. The research used qualitative approach by doing in depth interview and content analysis. Data analysis techniques which were used are interactive patterns consisting of data collection, data reduction, conclusions, and data displays. The standard setting analysis was done by in depth interview with Indonesian language instructor for foreign speaker, document analysis (of) in the form of graduate competency standard, test instrument on listening skill, speaking, reading, writing, and grammar, assessment rubric. The needs for test materials design was identified by a questionnaire of material presentation and structural arguments that support judgment from expert. The constructs of test materials are compiled from BIPA textbooks that are compiled into a list of test materials to be assessed by the expert. The expert scored the importance of the material or the basis of the criteria. The results of the study indicate that an accurate standard setting is required in placing test participants at a level appropriate to the competence (ability) and based on the test material to suit the needs of BIPA students.

This study aims to provide a model of research on the phenomena of old Indonesian literature within the framework of multiculturalism of ancient Malay texts, especially the texts "Simbur Cahaya Law" (SC) and "Tuhfah ar-Raghibin" (TR). This research uses two methods, namely: general methods and special methods. The general method used in research is a qualitative method. The special method used is the philological research method. Based on the results of the inventory of the manuscript, it is known that the SC and TR manuscripts are included in the plural scripts, so the edition method used is the foundation method. As for achieving the next goal, literary research methods are used with structural and semiotic approaches. The local wisdom contained in the texts of SC and TR is a clear example that the values of multiculturalism have lived in the archipelago. Therefore, studies the existence of ancient Malay texts needs to be carried out comprehensively and integrated so that it can provide inspiration for alternative solutions for the nation's sustainable development

The text of Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn speaks of the way of zikr in the Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah order. Based on the manuscript inventory, the number of Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn manuscripts is four manuscripts, three Malay and one Javanese manuscript. The data sources used are three Malay-language manuscripts, Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn, Fathu 'l-'ārifīn, and the order which was raised to Qadiriyah and Naqsyabandiyah. Of the three manuscripts, the manuscript Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn  is chosen because it has advantages, such as older age, completeness and manuscript readability. Reader reception is obtained from four selected speakers based on specific qualifications. The four speakers came from the four Salafiyah boarding schools in Central Java adherents of the Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah. Based on the reception of the text reader Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn, it is known identity and some social functions and benefits of the teachings Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn. The identity of Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn is a special method of zikr for the order of Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah which was narrated by Shaykh Ahmad Khatib Sambas. Meanwhile, social function and the benefit of the teachings of Futūhu 'l-'Ārifīn, that is  (1) elicit social sensitivity and good rulings; and (2) calmness and tranquility.

<p><em>This research identifies deportement and concept of death from Abdul Hadi WM's poetry. Descriptive method and semiotic-structural approach were used in this research.  Descriptive method used to identifies and analyze the research object to present systematic, factual, and accurate facts and concept from its population (Dirjen Dikti, 1981: 14.) Semiotic-structural approach is used to reveal the labelling system based on elements from the poetry--that is related to each other and forms one unity of organism. By analyzing Abdul Hadi WM's poem (139 poem titles), can be concluded that</em><em> (</em><em>1) Abdul Hadi WM poems were built from its choose of dictions, ryhimes, arrays, and typhography so that it creates death-theme sign</em><em> and (</em><em>2) Abdul Hadi WM is a religious poet that can describe and write his deportment about death with subtle but strong words.</em></p>