Background:The major cause of infant mortality and morbidity is preterm birth. WHO has defined it as any birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation or fewer than 259 days since the last day of menstrual period. Objective of present study was to identify major etiological factors associated with preterm birth, and their effects on mode of delivery and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Methods: Retrospective cohorts study, which was conducted in M. S. Ramaiah Medical College, over period of 12 months (January 2015 to December 2015). The study included 343 women who delivered preterm they were followed from admission to discharge. Various parameters were analyzed like maternal characteristics, gestational age, associated risk factors, tocolysis, administration of steroids, and neonatal outcome. Results:The incidence of preterm birth among the total deliveries was approximately 18.01%. Although the risk factors included many, the most common occurring were hypertensive disorders during pregnancy approximately 32.9%, followed by preterm rupture of membranes (18.1%), idiopathic 14.9%, and previous LSCS at 12.2%. Neonatal mortality was 6.9% (24 neonates), and stillborn were 0.5% (2 neonates). Conclusions: Various risk factors for preterm labour are modifiable hence early detection and treatment prevents maternal morbidity and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Specific emphasis on regular antenatal checkups.

Aim:Acute preeclampsia is associated with significantly higher prevalence of asymptomatic global left ventricular (LV) abnormal function and myocardial injury than uneventful pregnancy. Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the LV changes in preeclamptic women and to compare with normotensive women.Materials and Methods:This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, M. S. Ramaiah Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bengaluru. Two-hundred women were in each group: 200 patients with preeclampsia as cases and 200 normotensive patients as controls.Results:The mean LV end-systolic volume (LV ESV) in preeclamptic women was 33.45 ± 2.8, LV end-diastolic volume (LV EDV) was 106 ± 3.01, and LV systolic mass (LV Ms) was 87.1 ± 1.65 when compared to normotensive women LV ESV - 27 ± 0.74, (P < 0.0001) LV EDV - 106.2 ± 0.43, (P - 0.3528), and LV Ms - 84 ± 0.56 (P < 0.0001).Conclusion:This study emphasizes the importance of identifying this subset of preeclamptic patients with echo changes who are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular complications later in life by undergoing echocardiography.

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