The aim of this study was to characterize both the viable airborne bacteria and fungi collected in different types of wastewater treatment plants in Poland. Bacterial and fungal aerosols in five different wastewater treatment plants in Poland were studied, including the pioneering antibiotic resistance testing of airborne bacteria. Concentration level was measured using the six-stage Andersen impactor. After incubation, bioaerosol particles captured on nutrient media on Petri dishes were quantitatively evaluated and qualitatively identified. It was found that the concentration levels of both airborne bacteria and fungi ranged from 10 2 to 10 3 colony-forming units/m 3 , in all stages of the wastewater treatment plants. The patterns of size distributions of airborne bacteria and fungi were very similar, showing dominant peaks typically in the size range between 3.3 and 4.7 lm. The majority fraction of small bacterial and fungal particles (less than 4.7 lm) in the studied areas indicates that the bioaerosol is relatively fresh, and mostly of local origin. The Gram-positive cocci and nonsporing Gram-positive rods were the dominating forms in the studied wastewater treatment plants environment. The existing differences in the concentration levels between sampling sites enabled identification of the main bioaerosol sources. The highest concentration of bacterial aerosol appeared in sections, where activated sludge postprocessing and mechanical purifying are conducted. The most frequently occurring species in the sampled bacterial aerosol were Gram-positive cocci and nonsporing Grampositive rods. Multi-antibiotic resistance testing showed that among the isolated airborne bacteria, the most antibiotic-resistant features were present among Bacillus species (especially Bacillus mycoides).

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keragaman genetik populasi ikan beronang di perairan Selat Makassar dan Teluk Bone dengan metode random amplified polimorphic DNA (RAPD). Sampel ikan beronang diperoleh dari tiga lokasi di perairan Selat Makassar (Polman, Barru, dan Takalar) dan satu lokasi di perairan Teluk Bone (Malili). Sebanyak 8 ekor ikan beronang dari tiap-tiap lokasi dipreservasi dengan larutan TNES urea buffer. Ekstraksi DNA genom dengan metode Phenol-Chloroform. Di antara tujuh screening primer, lima primer diseleksi untuk analisis RAPD. Keragaman genetik dianalisis menggunakan software TFPGA (Tools For Population Genetic Analysis). Kedekatan hubungan kekerabatan ditampilkan dalam dendrogram. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan beronang populasi Malili, Teluk Bone menghasilkan polimorfik tertinggi yaitu 63,24% dan terendah dari populasi Barru, Selat Makassar yakni 40,30%. Indeks similaritas tertinggi (0,83) diperoleh antara populasi Polman dan Barru, dan indeks similaritas terendah (0,65) antara populasi Barru dengan populasi Malili. Hubungan kekerabatan berdasarkan jarak genetik ikan beronang pada penelitian ini diperoleh dua kelompok utama yaitu populasi Selat Makassar dan Teluk Bone. Ketiga populasi ikan beronang asal perairan Selat Makassar merupakan satu kelompok dan terpisah dari ikan beronang populasi Malili, Teluk Bone.

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The Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer (Perciformes, Latidae), known as barramundi in Australia, as salamata and bale kanja in South Sulawesi, was first described by Bloch in 1790 under the name Holocentrus calcarifer. The euryhaline L. calcarifer is a high-value marine and freshwater fish, on a par with salmon and tuna. This species has a widespread distribution, but there has been a lack of research on the distribution and identification of the genus Lates in Indonesia, including in South Sulawesi. This research aimed to track the distribution of Asia seabass in South Sulawesi (Makassar Strait, Gulf of Bone and Flores Sea) with identification based on DNA barcoding and characterization based on morphological parameters. The results show that Asian seabass can be found from Takalar to Pinrang Regency in the Makassar Strait, along the coast of Bone Bay from Bone to Luwu Regency, and from Bantaeng Regency to Selayar Island. Nucleotide sequences of COI mtDNA representing four Asian seabass populations in the Makassar Strait and Gulf of Bone had 99.12-99.41% identity with Lates calcarifer sequences from Singapore, Malaysia and Australia (query cover 99-100%). L. calcarifer captured at Cenrana in Bone District had a distinctive silvery-yellowish-white colouring, unlike the silvery-greenish-white observed at the other sites. Body depth (BD) of L. calcarifer was 30.10-32.20% SL and on average caudal peduncle depth was 45.65 % BD. There were several morphological differences between L. calcarifer in this study and L. calcarifer from Thailand: dorsal spine and ray counts, anal ray count, and number of vertebrae.