No abstract

The need for a spiritual and moral revival of Kazakhstan’s society is due to the fact that it is undergoing a crisis that is a reflection of the global civilization crisis (the spread of religious sects, the operation of terrorist organizations and other destructive structures). Currently, in order to preserve socio-economic stability in Kazakhstan’s society, it is necessary to solve the problem of personal crisis, which manifests itself as a crisis of its spirituality. Therefore, in education, it becomes relevant to study the approaches to the spiritual and moral development of high school students in the framework of the implementation of the NDO Self-Cognition Program. In order to reveal the peculiarities of the spiritual and moral development of a high school student in the context of the implementation of the Self-Knowledge NDO Program, we need to study the problems of the spiritual and moral development of the individual as a whole. A lot of researches have been devoted to the study of the problems of the spiritual and moral development of the individual, but the generally accepted theory still does not exist, since the concept of «spiritual and moral development» is inherently interdisciplinary. The authors consider the diversity of conceptual approaches in understanding the essence of this process, as well as the essence of the concepts of «spirituality» and «morality» in philosophy, psychology and pedagogy.

Цель. Нравственные ценности современной личности проявляется через ее ценностные ориентации. Бродяжничество в современном мире приобрело масштабный характер. Все больше людей начинают вести бродяжнический образ жизни, уходя от социальной реальности, не справляясь с натиском глобализации и экономической нестабильности. Проблема бродяжничества рассматривается многими авторами, но от этого не становится менее актуальной. В данной статье рассматривается психологическое самоощущение благополучия личности людей ведущих бродячий образ жизни через самооценку нравственных показателей, а так же затрагивается взаимосвязь психологического благополучия и нравственности личности.Наиболее актуальна, проблема ценностных ориентации становится в зрелом возрасте. Именно в зрелом возрасте большая часть бродяг начинают вести бродячий образ жизни. В связи с чем, ценностные ориентации людей ведущих бродяжнический образ жизни меняются, внося коррективы в поведенческий элемент деятельности личности и изменяя ощущение психологического благополучия.Метод или методология проведения работы. В процессе исследования были использованы психологические методики и опрос выявляющие проблемы с которыми сталкиваются люди ведущие бродяжнический образ жизни.Результаты. Люди без определенного места жительства – это проблема, не только социального характера, но и психологического ведущая к деградации личности и общества в целом во всех ее направлениях социального взаимодействия.

Concentrating on spiritual -moral sphere of culture, which is the pinnacle of the human experience, moral values are converted to a specific moral regulator of human activity. However, despite the fact that the basic postulates of different cultural -moral knowledge systems are similar to each other, their treatment and the appropriate specific ethno-cultural understanding of the situation may be different. All those create certain prerequisites for the formation and development of ethnic prejudices the moral inconsistency of cultural values of the peoples of the world. In a multi-ethnic society where ethnic groups work closely together, the interests of ethnic groups often clashes with different understanding of moral values.One of the value orientations of Kazakh society is equality of the multinational people of the republic. However, during the study of the moral value of equality, which has studied 100 Kazakh and Russian representatives of ethnic groups, has found out that they have different attitude to the universal equality of citizens.

The relevance of the research is due to the role of the image of fear in the modern psychological literature on art therapy and drawing techniques, that do not correspond to the new technologically determined trends in the development of the world, and carry outdated information about images reflecting children's fear. The presented study reflects the manifestation of the image of fear in younger schoolchildren by means of an art-therapeutic method of work, conversation and analysis of children's drawings, revealing new images of fear and its sources due to the trends of the modern social world. The study of fear, in the modern interpretation of the changing world, is important for understanding its essence, the threats it carries, the peculiarities of the manifestation and development of the personal potential of schoolchildren. Fear - as an indicator of a child's development, it can reflect the level of development, the individuality of perception of the world and the peculiarity of adaptation. The problem of the child's fears reflects family well-being, revealing the relationship between parents and the child, their attitude to his development and position in social, interpersonal, interethnic interaction affecting the orientation and adaptation of the child in the socio-cultural environment. The study involved 50 primary school-age students of the Nur–Sultan gymnasium. In the course of the article, three main sources of fear were identified, a new image of fear in the children's drawing was revealed, reflecting the external influence of the Internet space on primary school-age students. The results obtained allow us to conclude that primary school age is one of the most difficult age periods in which neurotic fears may appear, which subsequently worsen the emotional state of children.