SummaryThis study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary yeast cell wall supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, antibody production to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and histopathological changes in broilers. A total of 272 Ross 308 male broiler chicks aged one day were allocated into one control group and three treatment groups each containing 68 chicks. A basal diet was supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 3 g/kg yeast cell wall (InteMos) to obtain dietary treatments. The experimental period lasted 6 weeks. Dietary yeast cell wall increased body weight gain during the first three weeks (P<0.001). Feed conversion during the first three weeks (P<0.001) and during the overall experimental period (P<0.01) were improved with the dietary supplementation of yeast cell wall. No differences were observed in feed intake, carcass yield and the relative weights of gizzard, liver and heart. Yeast cell wall supplementation decreased the relative weight of abdominal fat (P<0.05) and increased antibody titres to SRBC (P<0.01) in broilers. Control and treatment groups had similar histological grade; hepatic lobular inflammation, steatosis and cell ballooning scores and, cardiac steatosis. It is concluded that yeast cell wall was an effective feed additive in broiler feeding due to the increased growth performance, increased humoral immune response and the reduction in abdominal fat. Keywords: Broiler, Carcass traits, Histopathological changes, Performance, Yeast cell wall Broyler Karma Yemlerine Maya Hücre Duvarı İlavesinin Performans, Karkas Özellikleri, Antikor Üretimi ve Histopatolojik Değişiklikler Üzerine Etkileri ÖzetBu araştırma broyler karma yemlerine maya hücre duvarı ilavesinin büyüme performansı, karkas özellikleri, koyun eritrositine karşı antikor üretimi (SRBC) ve histopatolojik değişiklikler üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Toplam 272 adet günlük Ross 308 erkek broyler civciv her biri 68 adet içeren bir kontrol ve üç deneme grubuna ayrılmıştır. Bazal karma yeme 0, 1, 2 ve 3 g/kg düzeyinde maya hücre duvarı (InteMos) ilave edilerek deneme karma yemleri oluşturulmuştur. Deneme 6 hafta sürdürülmüştür. Karma yeme maya hücre duvarı ilavesi ilk üç haftada canlı ağırlık kazancını artırmıştır (P<0.001). Denemenin ilk üç haftası (P<0.001) ve deneme süresince (P<0.01) yem dönüşüm oranı maya hücre duvarı ilavesi ile olumlu yönde etkilenmiştir. Yem tüketimi, karkas randımanı ile relatif taşlık, karaciğer ve kalp ağırlıkları bakımından gruplar arasında farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Maya hücre duvarı ilavesi broylerlerde relatif abdominal yağ ağırlığını azaltmış (P<0.05) ve SRBC'ye karşı antikor titresini (P<0.01) artırmıştır. Kontrol ve deneme gruplarında hepatik lobüler inflamasyon, yağlanma ve hücre balonlaşma skorları ile kalp yağlanma oranlarını içeren histolojik skorlamalar benzer bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, büyüme performansındaki artış, humoral immun cevaptaki artış ve abdominal yağdaki azalmadan dolayı maya hücre duvarı etkili bir yem katkı maddesidir.
This study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary inactive yeast and live yeast on performance, egg quality traits, some blood parameters and antibody production to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) of laying hens during 16 weeks. A total of 96 Hyline Brown laying hens were allocated into one control group and three treatment groups each containing 24 hens. Each group had six replicate groups of 4 hens. A basal diet was supplemented with 1 g/kg inactive yeast (yeast autolysate, InteWall, Saccharomyces cerevisiae), 0.5 g/kg live yeast (InteSacc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and 1 g/kg inactive yeast + 0.5 g/kg live yeast in the diets of the first, second and third treatment groups, respectively. At the end of the study the results indicated that dietary treatments did not affect feed intake, interior and exterior egg quality characteristics. Dietary inactive yeast supplementation improved hen-day egg production (P=0.024) and feed conversion ratio (P=0.017) and decreased egg yolk cholesterol concentration (P=0.013). Antibody titers against SRBC and blood serum parameters were not affected by dietary treatments. The significant interaction was found in egg yolk cholesterol concentration (P=0.032) between inactive yeast and live yeast. As a result dietary inactive yeast at the level of 1 g/kg had beneficial effects in laying performance and in low cholesterol-egg production. Keywords: Blood characteristics, Egg quality, Inactive yeast, Live yeast, Performance Yumurta Tavuğu Karma Yemlerine İnaktif Maya ve Canlı Maya İlavesinin Performans, Yumurta Kalite Özellikleri, Bazı Kan Parametreleri ve SRBC'ye Karşı Antikor Üretimi Üzerine Etkileri ÖzetBu araştırma yumurta tavuğu karma yemlerine inaktif maya ve canlı maya ilavesinin performans, yumurta kalite özellikleri, bazı kan parametreleri ve koyun eritrositine karşı (SRBC) antikor üretimi üzerine etkilerini 16 hafta süreyle incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Toplam 96 adet Hyline kahverengi yumurta tavuğu her biri 24 adet içeren bir kontrol grubu ve üç deneme grubuna ayrılmıştır. Gruplar her birinde 4 tavuk bulunan altı tekerrür grubu kapsayacak şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Bazal karma yeme 1 g/kg inaktif maya (maya otolizatı, InteWall, Saccharomyces cerevisiae), 0.5 g/kg canlı maya (InteSacc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ve 1 g/kg inaktif maya+0.5 g/kg canlı maya ilave edilerek sırasıyla birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü deneme grupları karma yemleri oluşturulmuştur. Deneme sonucunda gruplar arasında yem tüketimi ile iç ve dış yumurta kalite özellikleri bakımından farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Karma yeme inaktif maya ilavesi yumurta verimini (P=0.024) ve yemden yararlanma oranını (P=0.017) olumlu yönde etkilemiş ve yumurta kolesterol konsantrasyonunu ise (P=0.013) azaltmıştır. Gruplar arasında SRBC'ye karşı antikor üretimi ve kan serum parametreleri bakımından farklılık gözlenmemiştir. İnaktif maya ve canlı maya arasında yumurta sarısı kolesterol konsantrasyonu bakımından önemli interaksiyon (P=0.032) bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak inaktif mayanın 1 g/kg düzeyinde karma yeme ilave edil...
In this study our major goal is to establish which one of intraope:rative techniques; frozen seetion and imprint cytology is supe:dor and to assess the accuracy of the each of the in~ traoperative techniques. 381 surgical biopsies sent to our pathology laboratory from di:fferent dinks, imprint pre-peraHons and frozen sedions were made intıraoperatively, between 1992 March-1995 January. Intraoperative results based on imprint cytology and frozen seetion tecchniques were compared by the fina! diaguoses based on paraffin-embedded b lock sedions.On overall f:rozen seetion diagnoses we had 254 tme positive, 104 t.rue negative, 14 false positive, 9 false negative diagnoses. Positive predictive value was 94.6% and the negative predktive vaule89.7 %, and the accuracy was 93.9% On overall imprint cytology diagnoses we had true positive 261, tme negative 101, false posHive8, false negative 11 diagnoses. Positive predidive values was 97.2% and the negative predictive va1ues 90.1 % and the accumcy was 95%Diagnostic accuracy of the each technique was evaluated by chea-square test on both ma-Hgmmt and benign cases (p> 0.05). In order to determine wich one was superior binomial test was used. (p> 0.05). There was no signHicant dif:fereuce in accu:racy.
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