PURPOSEThe purpose of this study was to assess the effect of surface treatments on shear bond strength of resin composite bonded to thermocycled and non-thermocycled CAD/CAM resin-ceramic hybrid materials.MATERIALS AND METHODS120 specimens (10×10×2 mm) from each material were divided into 12 groups according to different surface treatments in combination with thermal aging procedures. Surface treatment methods were airborne-particle abrasion (abraded with 50 micron alumina particles), dry grinding (grinded with 125 µm grain size bur), and hydrofluoric acid (9%) and silane application. According to the thermocycling procedure, the groups were assigned as non-thermocycled, thermocycled after packing composites, and thermocycled before packing composites. The average surface roughness of the non-thermocycled specimens were measured after surface treatments. After packing composites and thermocycling procedures, shear bond strength (SBS) of the specimens were tested. The results of surface roughness were statistically analyzed by 2-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and SBS results were statistically analyzed by 3-way ANOVA.RESULTSSurface roughness of GC were significantly lower than that of LU and VE (P<.05). The highest surface roughness was observed for dry grinding group, followed by airborne particle abraded group (P<.05). Comparing the materials within the same surface treatment method revealed that untreated surfaces generally showed lower SBS values. The values of untreated LU specimens showed significantly different SBS values compared to those of other surface treatment groups (P<.05).CONCLUSIONSBS was affected by surface treatments. Thermocycling did not have any effect on the SBS of the materials except acid and silane applied GC specimens, which were subjected to thermocycling before packing of the composite resin.

OBJECTIVE: Advances in chair-side Computer-Aided Design / Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and materials science currently enable the fabrication of highly esthetic restorations for the anterior and posterior teeth. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the marginal and internal adaptations of new CAD/CAM materials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptations of posterior all-ceramic restorations fabricated from contemporary restorative materials with chair-side CAD/CAM system. MATERIALS AND METHOD: An artificial mandibular right first molar tooth was prepared according to standard tooth preparation procedures, and standard models of the prepared teeth were obtained. All-ceramic restorations (n=10) were fabricated from seven different CAD/CAM blocks (IPS e.max CAD, Lava Ultimate, Incoris TZI, Incoris ZI, Vita Suprinity, Vita Enamic, and GC Cerasmart). The marginal and internal adaptations were measured with silicone replicas, which were sectioned with a thin lancet. The discrepancy between the die and the inner surface of the restoration was examined at 50× magnification by using a light microscope with digital camera. Four reference points were examined at each buccal-lingual section and eight reference points were examined at each mesial-distal section. The results were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey HSD test (α=0.05). RESULTS: The values obtained from marginal-internal areas were generally greater than those in the marginal areas. Significant differences were found between the materials. The statistical analysis revealed that there was an interaction between the material type and the location of the reference points (p<0.05); the lowest values were observed in axial areas, and the highest values were observed in occlusal areas. CONCLUSION: All materials showed low marginal and internal discrepancies which were considered clinically acceptable.

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Özet 19. Yüzyıl, Osmanlı Devleti'nin idari, askeri, sosyal ve ekonomik olmak üzere pek çok açıdan dönüşüme uğradığı bir dönem olup, özellikle 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı taşrasına ait sosyo-ekonomik çalışmalar açısından Temettuat defterleri zengin veriler sunan kaynaklar niteliğindedir. Temettuat defterleri, 19. yüzyılın ortalarına doğru Osmanlı Devleti'nde, hane halklarının gelirinin tespiti için yapılan sayımların kaydedildiği defterlerdir. Tanzimat dönemine yönelik önemli bilgiler içeren bu sayımların en önemli amacı ise, ekonomik potansiyelin tespit edilmesi, ekonomik ve mali düzenlemelerin yapılabilmesi olmuştur. Çalışmamızda, Antalya'ya ait belirlediğimiz temettuat kayıtlarının sağladığı verilerle, hem Antalya'nın o dönemlerdeki sosyo-ekonomik yapısı incelenmeye çalışılmış, hem de 19. yüzyıl Osmanlı dönemi sosyo-ekonomik tarihi açısından bir kaynak olarak temettuat defterleri, içerdiği veriler itibariyle daha detaylı bir şekilde ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.

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