Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It has the highest incidence rate and the highest mortality rate. In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer has become more and more important, it is becoming the first tumor killer for women around the world. Early diagnosis is the most important parameter for detecting cancerous tissue to prevent serious consequences. In this electronic paper, we present a new design of an ultra-wide-band circular microstrip patch antenna operating in the recommended FCC band GHz]) for the detection of breast tumors. The antenna is printed on an FR4 epoxy substrate with a dielectric permittivity r = 4.4 and loss tangent tan δ = 0.02. The results obtained are largely satisfying and prove that the proposed antenna is a candidate for biomedical applications.

<div class="WordSection1"><p>This paper presents a candidate ultra wideband antenna for Ku-band wireless communi- cations applications, analyzed and optimized by the finite element method (FEM). This three-dimensional modeling was realized and compared with published antennas for val- idate the performances of the proposed antenna. Its design is based on the insertion o fseveral symmetrical slots of different sizes on the ground plane of a mono-layer patch antenna to overcome the main limitation of the narrow bandwidth of patch antennas. The proposed antenna, made on an FR-4 epoxy mono-layer substrate with a defected ground plane (dielectric constant <em>ε</em><em>r </em>= 4,4, loss tangent <em>tan δ </em>= 0,02 and thickness <em>hs </em>= 1.6 mm). The simulated numerical results obtained are very satisfying; Bandwidth = 10.48 GHz from <em>f</em>1 = 9.34 GHz to <em>f</em>2 = 19.82 GHz, <em>S</em>11 = -34.17 dB, Voltage Stationary Wave Ratio VSWR = 1.04 , Gain = 6.27 dB.</p></div>

Frequency reconfigurable antennas are very attractive for many wireless applications. They offer many advantages such as simplicity and compactness. In this electronic paper, we propose a reconfigurable antenna operating in the S and C bands. The proposed antenna uses a BAP65-02 RF diode to switch between the ultra wideband from 2.92 to 6.19 GHz to the narrowband from 2.92 to 3.93 GHz. The ultra wideband is obtained by a partial rectangular ground plane with a symmetrical rectangular slot and the narrowband is obtained by adding a parasitic element electrically connected to the ground plane by the PIN diode when it is positively biased. This patch antenna operates in the Federal Communications Commission band (FCC) and can be used for biomedical applications such as radiometry imaging. The numerical simulation results based on the finite element method and the finite integral method show a very good agreement between them. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

In a three-dimensional environment, the navigation of a vehicle in airspace, terrestrial space, or maritime space presents complex aspects concerning the determination of its position, its orientation, and the stability of the processing of the asynchronous data coming from the various sensors during navigation. In this context, this paper presents an experimental analysis of the position accuracy estimated by a low-cost inertial measurement unit coupled, by the extended Kalman data fusion algorithm, with a system of absolute measurements of a positioning system received from a GPS which designates the global positioning system. The different scenarios of the experimental study carried out during this work concerned three tests in a real environment, such as the navigation in a course inside the city of Rabat/Morocco with a moderate speed, a section on the highway at a speed of 120 Km/h and a circular path around a roundabout. The experimental results proved that the low-cost sensors studied are a good candidate for civil navigation applications.