Albizia myriophylla (ABZ) is a plant used in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. The antioxidant activities of ABZ have been suggested as one of the mechanisms for the observed beneficial effects. Hence, this study examined the phenolic, flavonoid, and saponin contents and antioxidant activity from methanol extract (ME) and its derived fractions hexane (HE), chloroform (CE), ethyl acetate (EAE), butanol (BE), and aqueous fraction of the bark of ABZ (AE). Amongst the extracts, EAE showed the highest total phenolic content of about 0.77 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of extract (mg GAE/mg). However, the highest flavonoid content was detected in HE at 1.04 µg retinol equivalent ((RE)/g extract), while the saponin content was highest in CE at 1.1 µg diosgenin equivalent ((DE)/g extract). In 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test, EAE at 100 µg/mL had the highest percentage of inhibition of about 72.55%. 2-2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS radical scavenging test) showed BE had the highest percentage of inhibition at 100 µg/mL at 82.91%. Ferric reducing antioxidant power elucidated BE as having the highest percentage of inhibition which was 86.04% followed closely by ME at 85.90%. Thus, the different extracts of ABZ displayed various antioxidant capacity with probable free radical scavenging activity, which may be useful for the treatment of chronic inflammatory related metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and obesity.

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Introduction: The scientific understanding gained from pharmacology investigations is used to support a wide range of medical therapies. As a result, pharmacology is essential in medicine. As a result of the coronavirus epidemic, several colleges throughout the world have resorted to online pharmacology learning, which has an indirect impact on student academic progress. Aside from learning styles, a student’s time management abilities are another essential aspect that affects their academic success. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that employed a questionnaire to assess first-year medical students from Universiti Putra Malaysia’s Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences’ learning style and time management skills. A series of pharmacological questions involving short answer questions was also given to the students to assess their pharmacology performance. Results: There was a significant weak negative correlation between superficial learning style and pharmacology performance (r=-0.272, p<.05). There was also a significant weak correlation between deep learning style and long range planning (r=0.256, p<.05) and including short range planning (r=0.263, p<0.5). Lastly, significant weak negative correlation on pharmacology performance and long range planning was seen (r=0.256, p<.05). However, there was no significant correlation between time management and pharmacology performance. Conclusion: Students that use a superficial learning style struggle in school, yet deep learning styles in both short and long term planning do not always increase pharmacology performance. A good time management skills does not guarantee a good pharmacology performance either. Other relevant factors, like as socio-demographic characteristics, that may contribute to this outcome, particularly during this epidemic, should be investigated further.

The present study reviews the augmented reality application in the education area. Justification of the use is to improve the learning motivation and outcome of students through the use of a deep learning approach. A deep learning approach is associated with better academic performances. Augmented reality provides a tool to motivate learning and understanding in the student. In the medical domain, augmented reality may serve as replacement of cadavers especially during online learning. The main aim of the current review is to reflect the use of augmented reality as a teaching and learning tool to motivate and promote the deep learning approach process which includes life-long learning and possible research areas that warrant and assess the impact of augmented reality on academic performance. Augmented reality may be a tool in complementing the learning aids of the conventional methods of teaching and learning.

Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, partnered with Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia to host the virtual 3rd International Anatomical and Biomedical Scientific Conference (IABS) 2022 on 22nd – 24th November 2022. With the theme ‘Rejuvenating health sciences towards inclusive and sustainable ecosystem’, this platform is one of the best avenues that cultivates sharing and exchanging scientific endeavours among scientists, clinicians, postgraduate students and academicians involved in the field of anatomy, health sciences and relevant disciplines. The goal of the Special Issue is to revitalise the body of knowledge in health sciences to enhance and offer a sustainable and inclusive ecosystem now that the COVID-19 pandemic has transitioned to the endemic stage globally. Submissions that conceptually, experimentally, or theoretically analyse and explain some of the major problems with achieving the objectives. In light of this, this Special Issue of the conference proceedings aims to integrate practitioner and academic viewpoints. This special issue, in particular, can advance the theory and synthesis of the selected topic. Additionally, it can present fresh findings from experiments, drawing attention to the effectiveness of techniques now employed by subject-matter experts.