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IN the routine bacteriological examination of faxes in Egypt, one frequently encounters coliform organisms giving acid and gas in glucose and rnannite and no change in sucrose or lactose in 24-48 hours, yet not agglutinating with paratyphoid sera. Some workers have described similar organisms as inagglutinable paratyphoid, others as paracolon bacilli ; the latter t , e m is employed in this paper. Literature.Gilbert and Lion (1893) described a group of coliform organisms found in the stools of dysentery patients which they termed paracolon bacilli. They were non-lactose fermenters (length of incubation not stated) and produced acid and gas in other test substances. They varied &s regards indo1 production and motility.Gyorgy (1920) studied forty-seven strains which he isolated from the stools of typhoid, paratyphoid and dysentery convalescents and from healthy normal persons. None fermented lactose and the majority failed to ferment sucrose but produced acid and gas in glucose, maltose, mannitol, xylose, rhamnose and dulcitol. Inositol was fermented only by two sucrosefermenting strains. After fourteen days litmus milk was turned acid or alkaline.Trawihki (1924) studied ninetyone strains of paratyphoid B-like organisms isolated from fzces, eighteen from healthy persons, the remainder from cases of enterica or dysentery. He records the following reactions (length of incubation not stated).All fermented glucose, mannitol, arabinose and, excepting a few, maltose, with the production of acid and gas. They differed in reaction on xylose and dulcitol. All formed indol, the majority in 24-48 hours. In litmus milk, after three weeks, most of them gave acid and a few alkali. According to their biochemical reactions he placed them in four groups and prepared an agglutinating serum in rabbits against a representative of each. Each serum agglutinated all the members of its own group to the same titre as its homologous organism ; apparently the sera were not tried against the other groups.Dudgeon (1926), in a paper on the intestinal flora under normal and abnormal conditions, mentions a group of " slow-lactose-fermenting bacilli which have been mistaken for the paratyphoid group although the indol test readily distinguishes them."Fothergill (1929), in America, investigated a group of thirty-two nonlactose-fermenting coliforms isolated from the feces of infants suffering Nearly all produced indol within 24 hours. None were motile. Most of them were motile. 77 1905-06. Proc. Roy. SOC. B., lxwii. 399. 1919. J . Trop. Med., xv. 162. J . Trop. Med., xxxvi. 65. J . Inf. Dis., xlv. 393. Cntrbl. f. Bakt., Abt. I, Orig., lxxxiv. 321. J. Inf. DiS., xxiv. 114.

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OVARIAN DENERVATION FOR DYSMENORRHOEA MEDICALJONAL fore sometimes be diagnosed as appendicitis. In all cases in which we performed appendicectomy, histological examination of the appendix showed no pathology. In 13 cases previous appendicectomy had produced no change in the symptoms. It therefore seems reasonable to suggest that when appendicectomy is carried out in a young woman, unless the appendix shows definite signs of acute inflammation, bilateral ovarian denervation should also be performed. This necessitates using a palamedian or Battle's incision, but does not add to the operative risk. Resection of Cysts.-Retention cysts were removed routinely because of the difficulty in deciding which were physiological and which were pathological. Although resection of corpus luteum or follicular cysts was undertaken in 34 cases (48 %) we do not consider this to have influenced the results, as every gynaecologist has seen many such cysts in in$ensitive ovaries. Effect on Ovulation.-In 10 (14%) the menstrual loss was diminished after operation; in 20 (29%) it was increased, and in 40 (57%) unchanged. It will be noted that the tendency is for the loss to be increased as a result of the operation. Of the 57 married women 9 (16 %) later became pregnant. We therefore assume that ovulation is not affected by division of the ovarian arteries.