Influence of high intensity ultrasound (HIUS) on the structure and properties of ovalbumin (OVA) were investigated. It was found that the subunits and secondary structure of OVA did not change significantly with HIUS treatment from the electrophoretic patterns and circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. The amount of free sulfhydryl groups increased and intrinsic fluorescence spectra analysis indicated changes in the tertiary structure and partial unfold of OVA after sonication increased. Compared with the untreated OVA, HIUS treatment increased the emulsifying activity and foaming ability, and decreased interface tension (oil-water and air-water interface), which due to the increased surface hydrophobicity and decreased the surface net charge in OVA, while the emulsifying and foaming stability had no remarkable differences. The increased particle size may be attributed to formation of protein aggregates. Moreover, the gelation temperatures of HIUS-treated samples were higher than the untreated OVA according to the temperature sweep model rheology, and this effect was consistent with the increased in surface hydrophobicity for ultrasound treated OVA. These changes in functional properties of OVA would promote its application in food industry.

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In recent years, aquaculture is considered a fastest‐blooming global food industry, playing a crucial role in fulfilling the increased demand for animal protein requirements. However, disease prevalence, chemical contamination, environmental degradation and ineffective feed utilization are the factors that drastically hinder the outcome of this sector in aiding to achieve global food security. In this regard, new avenues have been paved in science and technology to cope with these challenges in aquaculture. Among these, nanotechnology has emerged a tremendous potential to improve aquaculture with novel nanotools. This review critically analyses the advances in the application of nanoparticles and emulsion‐based systems to fish disease prevention, water purification and delivery of nutrients. On the other hand, as the use of antibiotics and other chemical antimicrobial agents, synthetic compounds as growth enhancers not only leads to aquaculture pollution but also consumer's reluctance. Therefore, the importance of ecofriendly, non‐toxic natural strategies to promote sustainable aquaculture has also been highlighted.