PENGARUH TEGANGAN DAN WAKTU PADA PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH RADIOAKTIF URANIUM DAN THORIUM DENGAN PROSES ELEKTROKOAGULASI. Metode pengolahan limbah radioaktif dengan metode fisika dan kimia yang telah dilakukan dinilai kurang efektif, memerlukan waktu yang lama dan biaya yang mahal. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengolahan limbah uranium dan thorium dengan proses elektokoagulasi untuk memisahkan uranium dan thorium dalam limbah cair. Limbah yang digunakan memiliki kadar kontaminan Uranium dan Thorium 500 mg/liter. Pengolahan dilakukan dengan tegangan 10V, 12,5V, dan 15 volt dengan waktu 10,20,30,40,50,dan 60 menit dengan elektroda alumunium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan effisiensi penurunan kontaminan terbaik pada pengolahan ini diperoleh pada kondisi 12,5V dan waktu 60 menit untuk uranium, dengan efisiensi sebesar sebesar 97,2 %, dan thorium pada 12,5 V waktu 30 menit dengan efisiensi penurunan sebesar 99,6 % .
EFFECT OF CURRENT, TIME, TYPE OF FEED AND CATHODE ON ELECTROPLATING PROCESS OF URANIUM SOLUTION.Electroplating of uranyl nitrate and process effluent has been carried out in order to collect uranium contained therein using Pt/Pt and Pt/SS electrodes at various current and time values. The materials used as electrode were Pt (platinum) and SS (Stainless Steel). Feed solution of 250 mL was entered into a beaker glass equipped with Pt anode -Pt cathode or Pt anode -SS cathode and connected to direct current source from DC power supply at various current values and for various time periods so that uranium precipitated and deposited onto the cathode. Upon deposition completion, the cathode was removed and weighed to determine weight of precipitates, while the solution was analyzed to determine uranium concentration decrease after electroplating process. The experiment shows that a relatively good time to acquire uranium deposit at the cathode was 1 hour at 7 ampere, with uranyl nitrate as feed and Pt (platinum) as cathode. In these conditions, uranium deposit attached to the cathode amounted to 74.96% of the original weight of uranium oxide in the feed or 206.5 mg by weight. The use of Pt cathode for uranyl nitrate feed, and SS and Pt cathodes for effluent feed resulted in uranium specific weight at the cathode of 12.99 mg/cm2, 2.4 mg/cm 2 and 5.37 mg/cm 2 respectively for 7 Ampere current for 1 hour electroplating time.Keywords: electroplating, uranyl nitrate, effluent process, Pt/Pt electrode, Pt/SS electrode.
PRARANCANGAN UNIT PROSES PABRIKASI COATING KERNEL UO2 DENGAN KAPASITAS 10 TON/TAHUN. Pabrik coating kernel UO2 dapat dirancang dengan melakukan beberapa tahapan yaitu: penentuan kapasitas, penentuan teknologi proses, perhitungan neraca massa, perhitungan neraca panas, perancangan alat, penentuan letak peralatan dan peta pabrik, dan perhitungan kelayakan pabrik berdasarkan analisis ekonomi. Pabrik coating kernel UO2 memiliki kapasitas 10 ton / tahun dengan waktu operasi 330 hari, proses yang digunakan dalam coating kernel uranium oksida adalah proses metoda chemical vapour deposition. Ukuran reaktor pelapisan porous pyrocarbon, inner pyrocarbon dan outter pyrocarbon dengan diameter dalam 1,08 m, tebal isolator 0,02 m, tebal shell 0,150 m dengan tinggi reaktor 5,54 m. Ukuran reaktor pelapisan Silicon carbide dengan diameter dalam 1,08 m, tebal isolator 0,09 m, tebal shell 0,260 m dengan tinggi reaktor 6.25 m. Utilitas meliputi listrik sebesar 924,81 kW, air sebanyak 441,836 m3. Hasil perhitungan kelayakan ekonomi menunjukan fix capital investment sebesar Rp 192.812.494.326,40, Working capital Rp 10.310.828.573,60, manufacturing cost Rp 406.596.300.982,24, ROI (Return On Investment) sebesar 22 % sebelum pajak dan 16 % setelah pajak, POT (Pay Out Time) sebesar 3 tahun sebelum pajak dan 3,8 tahun setelah pajak, SDP (Shut Down Point) sebesar 32,85 %, BEP (Break Even Point) sebesar 53,67 %.
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