Hiyoid kemik kırıkları nadir görülür. Hiyoid kemik kırığı-nın tanı konması zor olup, yüksek şüphe ile tanısı konulabilir. Bu yazıda, künt travmaya bağlı gelişen izole hiyoid kırığı olgusu sunuldu. Yirmi altı yaşında kadın hasta araç içi trafik kazası kazası sonucu acil servisimize başvurdu. Hasta yutma güçlüğü, boyunda ağrı ve rahatsızlık hissinden şikayetçiydi. Fiziksel incelemede boyunda hiperemi ve hassasiyet mevcuttu. Boyun bilgisayarlı tomografisi çeki-len hastada hiyoid kırığı gözlendi. Hastaya ilaç tedavisi uygulanarak 24 saat gözlendi. Poliklinik kontrolü önerilerek taburcu edildi. Acil hekimi, künt travmalarda hiyoid kırığı oluşma riskini dikkate almalıdır. Hiyoid kırıklı hastalar 24 saat gözlenmelidir. Genellikle bu hastalar için ilaç tedavisi yeterli sonuçları vermektedir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Hiyoid, kırık; künt travma.Fractures of the hyoid bone are very rare. Diagnosis of hyoid fracture is difficult and can be made only with a strong degree of suspicion. We report a case of isolated hyoid bone fracture due to blunt trauma to the neck. A 26-year-old woman was admitted to emergency department for motor vehicle accident. She complained of dysphagia and anterior neck discomfort. Physical examination showed hyperemia and tenderness of neck. A tomographic scan of neck was performed. The findings demonstrated hyoid fracture. Patient was observed with medical therapy for 24 hours and discharged with recommendation of outpatient control. Emergency physician has to be aware of the possibility of hyoid fractures in blunt traumas. Patients with hyoid fracture should be observed for 24 hours. Generally, medical treatment is satisfactory in isolated hyoid fractures.

Pneumatization of the intranasal turbinates or concha bullosa is an anatomic variation of the lateral nasal wall. Concha bullosa is defined as the presence of air cells in turbinates. It can be best diagnosed with paranasal sinus computed tomography. Concha bullosa is a possible etiologic factor for recurrent sinusitis due to its negative effect on paranasal sinus ventilation and mucociliary clearance. Concha bullosa is most commonly seen in the middle turbinate and less frequently in the inferior or superior turbinate. Pneumatization of all turbinates is very rare. To our knowledge, there are only two publications about a case with concha bullosa in all turbinates in the current literature. Here, we present a woman with bilateral pneumatization in all three intranasal turbinates.

This prospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sleep endoscopy findings, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) or the Epworth sleepiness scale in patients and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Patients with symptoms of OSAS were searched, and their polysomnography findings, Epworth sleepiness scales and sleep endoscopy findings were recorded. Those who were diagnosed with mild, moderate or heavy OSAS were included in the study. Patients included in the study were observed under sedative-induced sleep in the operation room using flexible nasopharyngoscopy. The obstruction levels and degrees were recorded and compared with other variables. Of the 88 patients included in the study, 67 (76.1 %) were male, and 21 (23.9 %) were female. The mean age (±standard deviation) of all 88 patients was 43.77 ± 10.07 years (range 21-65 years). Sleep endoscopy findings were classified as uvulopalatal, lateral pharyngeal, tongue base and laryngeal collapses. The Epworth sleepiness scale showed no significant correlation with the sleep endoscopy findings. No significant relationship was found between the AHI and collapses in the uvulopalatal, lateral and laryngeal zones (p > 0.05). However, tongue base collapse was correlated with AHI (p < 0.05). AHI increased with the degree of collapse in the tongue base. No meaningful relationship was noted among the Epworth sleepiness scale, AHI, and number of involved zones (p > 0.05). The degree of collapse in the related zones was not meaningfully associated with AHI, which is accepted as the indicator of disease severity.

In recent years, with the widespread use of imaging techniques such as paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT), many variations of nasal turbinates have been described. One of these variations known as concha bullosa (CB) is pneumatization of nasal turbinates. CB is the most frequently encountered anatomical variations of the middle turbinate. The term of septated concha bullosa has been described recently and it is an uncommon pneumatization anomaly of the middle turbinate. There has not been any study that correlates the number of septations and the presence of sinonasal pathologies. We hereby present a case of triple septated concha bullosa that has not been reported so far.

We investigated the associations of injury severity scores (ISSs) with the mean platelet volume, the serum levels of two interleukins (IL1β and IL6), and the serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and C-reactive protein (CRP). We sought to identify biochemical parameters that could be used as components of a new biochemical parameter-based ISS system. The levels of CRP, TNFα, IL1β, and IL6 differed significantly (all p values < 0.05) between severely injured patients and controls. The mean platelet volume (MPV) did not correlate with the ISSs (p > 0.05). The TNFα and IL6 levels were useful for determining the severity of injury, and the CRP level was elevated in all trauma patients but did not correlate with the ISS. The IL1β level was higher in the study group but did not increase as the ISS increased. IL6 and TNFα levels were higher in the study group and increased as the ISS increased. We found no significant difference between the trauma group and healthy individuals in terms of MPV values. IL6 and TNFα levels can be used to assess trauma severity. However, neither the MPV nor the CRP or IL1β level is useful for this purpose.