Abstract. Supiandi MI, Mahanal S, Zubaidah S, Julung H, Ege B. 2019. Ethnobotany of traditional medicinal plants used by Dayak Desa Community in Sintang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1264-1270. Dayak Desa community has a long history of using medicinal plants as one of the methods to overcome health problems. Along with the advancement of science, the influx of foreign cultures and environmental degradation, traditional knowledge about medicinal plants and their utilization are only owned by the old generation. This study, therefore, aimed to identify medicinal plants used by Dayak Desa community who lives in Pakak Village. To collect information from the community, a survey was conducted in June 2017. Snowball sampling method was utilized to select 6 informants from whom information related to the plants’ local names, the used parts of the plants, and the ways of managing and using the plants for curing illnesses was obtained through structured interviews. Data analysis was qualitative and quantitative. The results show that 25 species of medicinal plants from 9 families. The most widely used part of the plants is the leaves. The people in the community boil the leaves and drink the extract. Based on the results of the ICS analysis, the plant's value ranged from 1 to 24. The highest value was observed in keladi (Colocasia esculenta L.) and the lowest value was found in kayu kenanga (Canangium odoratum Baill).
Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi, terutama tumbuhan salah satunya di wilayah Kalimantan Barat. Masyarakat Kalimantan Barat masih sering memanfaatkan keanekaragaman tumbuhan tersebut dalam bidang kesehatan, salah satunya masyarakat suku Dayak Desa. Suku Dayak Desa sebagai salah satu suku yang mendiami wilayah di Kalimantan Barat masih mempertahankan tradisi pengobatan secara tradisional dengan memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai bahan obat-obatan.Tradisi tersebut menjadi suatu kearifan lokal pada suku Dayak Desa dalam menjaga dan melestarikan hutan serta mempertahankan pengetahuan tradisional tentang tumbuhan berkhasiat obat. Namun demikian, pengetahuan tersebut belum terdokumentasi dengan baik sehingga dikhawatirkan akan punah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan tradisional masyarakatterhadap tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional pada suku Dayak Desa di Desa Pakak, Kecamatan Kayan Hilir, Kabupaten Sintang, Kalimantan barat.Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini mengikutsertakan 100 responden. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik Snowbal Sampling. Pengumpulan data pengetahuan tradisional masyarakat Suku Dayak Desa menggunakan teknik observasi dan kuisioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan tradisional tentang tanaman berkasiat obat ditransferkan kepada generasi ke generasi secara lisan. Pengetahuan tradisional tersebut diperoleh melalui mimpi sebanyak 10%, melalui penyampaian oleh Ketua Adat dan temenggung 20%, melalui penyampaian lisan dari orang tua dan keluarga sebanyak 20%, melalui coba-coba sebanyak 20% dan melalui pengalaman pribadi yang disampaikan ke orang lain sebanyak 30%. Kesimpulannya bahwa informasi pengetahuan tradisional tentang pengetahuan tradisional tentang tumbuhan yang berkhasiat obat lebih banyak melalui pengalaman pribadi yang kemudian disampaikan lisan.
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