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(1989) "Use of a bacterial hygromycin B resistance gene as a dominant selectable marker in Neurospora crassa transformation,"

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It is well established that marine n-3 fatty acids measured in erythrocyte phospholipids of non-pregnant subjects reflect the subjects' intake of these fatty acids. In 135 pregnant women in the 30th week of gestation we compared intake of marine n-3 fatty acids and energy, estimated by a combined dietary self-administered questionnaire and interview, with fatty acids measured in erythrocyte phospholipids. Daily intake (g/d) and nutrient density of marine n-3 fatty acids (mg/MJ) correlated with the 12-3 fatty acid: arachidonic acid ratio (FA-ratio) with correlation coefficients of 0.48 and 0.54 respectively. In a linear regression model with three frequency questions about marine sandwiches, marine cooked meals and fish oil as explanatory variables, and the FA-ratio as dependent variable, the multiple correlation coefficient was 046. Conclusions from the study were (1) levels of erythrocyte fatty acids in pregnant women may be employed as a qualitative method to rank subjects according to intake of marine n-3 fatty acids; (2) with respect to the power to explain FA-ratio variability, three simple marine food frequency questions were comparable with intake of marine n-3 fatty acids assessed by an elaborate semiquantitative dietary method involving an interview.Dietary methods: Erythrocytes: Marine n-3 fatty acids: Pregnancy Using biological markers for dietary intake has the advantage of being free of some of the constraints inherent in most methods to assess dietary intake, primarily the heavy dependence on the individuals' ability and willingness to report their intake precisely. In the case of marine n-3 fatty acids, several observational and supplementation studies (e.g. von Shacky et al. 1985;Popp-Snijders et al. 1986; Is0 et al. 1989) document that levels measured in body phospholipids reflect dietary intake of these fatty acids. Thus, in a recent well-controlled experimental study a correlation coefficient of 0-9 was found between eicosapentaenoic acid measured in erythrocyte membranes and the amount of eicosapentaenoic acid ingested over a 6-week period before the blood sampling (Brown et al. 1990).