The purpose of this study to determine the economics value of mangrove forest ecosystems, as well asits contribution to society in the region of mangrove research sites in the Palaes Village, District of WestLikupang, North Minahasa regency. In this research, using primary and secondary data. The variablesmeasured were the direct benefit of the value generated from direct utilization of mangrove forests such asthe potential for wood (timber and firewood), palm leaves craftsmen , catching fish, shrimp and crab(Rp/year). The value of benefits Indirect value resulting from the utilization of mangrove forest indirectlynamed as breaking waves (break water) (Rp/year). Value of benefit options, namely the economic valuederived from potential direct or indirect utilization of a resource / ecosystem in the future the value ofBiodiversity (Rp/year).Based on INP calculation to determine the existence of a species in a community under study, obtainedPalaes Village mangrove forest dominated by Rhizophora at 109,499. INP data from other speciesin a row on the kind of Brugiera of 58,088, amounting to 57,492 Ceriops species, Xilocarpus of 41,491,20,860 species of Sonneratia and Avicennia species amounted to 12,860.Based on the calculations found that the benefits obtained if mangrove forests are maintained atRp10,888,218,123,/year, calculated from the sum of the direct benefits other than timber potential, indirectbenefits and benefits options. Meanwhile, if the potential for exploitation of timber obtained a profit ofRp273,617,273/year. It can be concluded that if the mangrove forest is maintained, then the benefits will39.8 times greater than exploiting the natural resources of mangrove forests Palaes Village.By considering the total economic value derived from the mangrove forest ecosystem in Palaes Village,it has the benefits of mangrove forest and an important functions as economic resources and ecologicalresources for the life of the people who are around him. Therefore, the presence of (physical condition)of mangrove forest ecosystems must be maintained as an asset development, be it by local communitiesand other parties such as government, private sector, researchers and LSM, so that development activitiescan work well and the availability of mangrove forest resources remain secure.

This study aims to formulate the development strategy of Malalayang Coastal Tourism of Manado City. This research uses descriptive method where data are collected, analyzed and descripted by using qualitative approach. Qualitative approach describes the responses of respondents to marine tourism based on the given questionnaire. Data collection conducted through field observation, interview and literature study. The results of this study indicate that the strategy of marine tourism development Malalayang Beach lies in the position of quadrant I or lies between external opportunities and internal strength. Strategy of maritime tourism development Malalayang Beach Manado City is to maintain and preserve the surrounding environment, the need for the development of facilities and facilities of tourism objects, the rearrangement of “sabua bulu” as a culinary place and the need for management of the government and private sector to be more focused and run well and both The parties agreed to cooperate to develop sustainable tourism Malalayang Coastal..

The purpose of this study is to describe the Performance of Agricultural Extension in the Development of Farmer Human Resources. This research was conducted in Tounelet Village, Sonder District, Minahasa District for 3 (three) months conducted in April to June 2018. Primary data was obtained directly from interviews with farmers, extension agents, agriculture, fisheries and forestry (BP3K) sub-districts of Sonder using questionnaires. Secondary data was obtained from the local government and the Sonder District Agricultural, Fisheries and Forestry Extension Agency (BP3K), there were books available at local bookstores and the internet through the Google search engine, Google Scholar to access scientific journal articles and thesis related to the topic of this research as well as various information about the performance of extension agents for the development of farmers' human resources and assessment of the performance of extension agents. The results showed that the performance value of agricultural extension agents, according to the criteria of Ruky (2001), reached 517, which meant that the performance of extension agents was sufficient.*erprm*

This study aims to determine the assessment of farmer groups on the implementation of the function of agricultural instructors in the village of Tatengesan Satu, Pusomaen Sub-district, Southeast Minahasa Regency. This research was conducted from June to August 2019. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained by interview, based on questionaire, to two farmer groups, each chairman, secretary, treasurer and one member and one agricultural instructor. So that the total respondents were 9 people. Secondary data was obtained from relevant agencies namely through the Agricultural Extension Office (BPP), the Head of Village Office and the Pusomaen Sub-district Office of Southeast Minahasa Regency. Secondary data was also obtained through books obtained from local bookstores and the internet. From internet through google scholar in the form of books, journal articles and theses related to this research topic namely Assessment of Farmer Groups on the Implementation Function of Agriculture Extension. The results showed that the assessment of farmer groups on the implementation of the function of agricultural instructors is not yet fully functioning, where the new agricultural instructors carry out their functions as initiators, facilitators and motivators. While the function of extension workers as a liaison, analyzer and agent of change has not yet been fully felt by the farmer groups. But on the other hand, according to the agricultural instructor, it has been carrying out its functions to the maximum, it's just that the function as an agent of change cannot be fully carried out. This is because extension agents feel that farmers are able to make changes to advance their own farming business to make it more profitable.*eprm*

The research aims to determine and analyse the income contribution of women vegetable sellers to families at Tompasobaru Market, South Minahasa Regency. The research was carried out for 2 months, from January to February 2022. The data collected in this study is primary data obtained from direct interviews with women who sell vegetables using a questionnaire. Secondary data was obtained from the village office and market office, as well as research-related data taken from the internet. In this study the number of respondents was 9 female vegetable sellers who met the requirements who were randomly selected purposive sampling. The results showed that the income contribution of women vegetable sellers at Tompasobaru market to family income was 43.28% with at average income of Rp 2.667.778/month. The income of women vegetable sellers can generate additional/main income in the family in their role in public spaces (outside the come).