Reactions of stabilized ylides with aldehydosugars: influence of some factors, particularly the structure of the aldehydosugar, on the ratio of the geometrical isomers formed
SummaryAldehydosugars bearing no cis-substituent on the C-atom /? to the carbonyl group (2, 3, 6, 7) or bearing a substituent without an electron lone-pair (5) gave, upon treatment with acetylmethylidenetriphenylphosphorane, exclusively the E-isomer, this representing the classical behaviour of aldehydes. On the other hand, aldehydosugars having a lone-pair bearing substituent (1, 4, 8, 9) gave a mixture of E-and Z-isomers. In the case of most of the aldehydosugars of the latter type (giving some 2-isomer) a partial epimerization of the C-atom a to the carbonyl group took place when the solvent of the Wittig reaction was HCONMe,. It is probable that the presence of an electron lone-pair in the adequate position inhibits the reversion of the kinetic erythro-betaine, allowing the formation of the Z-isomer and, in particular solvent conditions, a cycloelimination leading to the epimeric aldehydosugar which ultimately reacts to give the epimeric E-enone.En appliquant la reaction de Wittig a un grand nombre d'aldChydo-et de &to-sucres, nous avons montrt (cf. p.ex. que cette reaction n'est pas aussi univoque qu'on le pense classiquement (pour une revue cf.[5]: elle peut donner lieu des CpimCrisations en a du groupe carbonyle et, plus gCnCralement, le deroulement de la reaction dCpend trbs Ctroitement de la structure du sucre carbony16 utilise.Nous rapportons ci-dessous une ttude de l'influence de la structure du substrat carbonylt et de celle du solvant sur 1e pourcentage d'isombres geomktriques obtenus lors de reactions avec l'acCtylmCthylidbnetriphtnylphosphorane (Tabl. I ) , ainsi que l'influence du solvant sur la rCaction de l'CthoxycarbonylmCthylid6ne-triphenylphosphorane sur l'aldehydosucre 1 (Tabl. 2). Nous avons d'autre part mis en Cvidence dans certains cas des CpimCrisations en a du groupe carbonyle.
Several sugars with conjugated unsaturation (dienes or α, β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds) have been synthesised by use of Wittig reactions. Keto‐sugars bearing a carbonyl group α to a furanose ring are prone to undergo an elimination leading to conjugated unsaturated systems. This constitutes a novel kind of side‐reaction in the application of Wittig reactions to carbonyl sugars. The synthesis of a new kind of acetylenic sugar is also described.
Deconjugation of sugars enones
Preliminary Communication
SummaryBranched-chain sugar enones 1 and 2 (R = Ac) deconjugated toposelectively (only the E isomers reacting) to 3. The same phenomenon was noted in the case of 2-4 which gave E-5. The kinetic parameters of these reactions favored a concerted mechanism, i.e. a [ 1,5]-sigmatropic shift.En milieu basique, les composCs 1 (R=CN) et 2 (R=CN) sont transposes en 3 (R=CN), la reaction ayant lieu avec I'un ou l'autre des isomeres geometriques de chacun des h o s e s conjugues utilisks [2]. En milieu neutre, la dtconjugaison du type 1 ou 2 + 3 presente des exigences steriques et electroniques beaucoup plus elevkes dont 1'Ctude est l'objet principal du travail rapporte ci-dessous.Chauffes en l'absence de catalyseur (solvants tres purs, substrats soigneusement distill&) a des temperatures comprises entre 60 et 130°, certains des composes [3] [4] rassemblks dans le Tableau se transposent en enoses deconjugues correspondants alors que d'autres ne donnent pas lieu a cette reaction. L'exanien du Tableau fait immkdiatement ressortir qu'aucun des hoses de configuration 2 ne se rearrange et que, parmi les enoses de configuration E , seuls ceux qui possedent un groupement carbonyle a atome de carbone relativement pauvre en electrons 1 3 2 I ) lsom&isations en chimie des sucres. Partie V1. Pour la Ve communication, v. [I]. Ce travail a fait l'objet d'une communication au IXe symposium international de chimie des sucres, Londres, avril 1978, resumeNo B51.Une communication plus detaillee paraltra ultkrieurement.2,
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.