No abstract

In this research, the use of new technologies for the development of special protective overall for sport aircraft pilots was studied, with a focus on a comparative analysis of the static and dynamic body postures’ dimensions, intended for the development of the overall’s pattern design. For this purpose, digitalization of five male persons was carried out with the 3D human body scanner Vitus Smart by using 3D printed markers, precisely positioned on defined body locations, intended for exact measurement of body dimensions. Male persons, aged between 19 and 35 years with the same athletic body type and different body heights and body mass indexes (BMIs), were scanned in a standard static standing body posture and three dynamic body postures. A comparative analysis between the static and dynamic body postures was carried out. Based on the established body dimensions and girth dimensions of the 3D body model with 3D-modeled compression elements, made-to-measure construction of the overall pattern design was carried out. The function of these compression elements is redistribution of the blood from the lower extremities to the upper body parts at the appearance of high g-forces. Therefore, increased girth dimensions due to the use of compression elements were applied in the overall development process as construction measures with needed ease allowances. The functionality of the developed special protective overall was explored on the scanned 3D body model with 3D-modeled compression elements in a real sitting posture of the sport aircraft pilot in a cab by using virtual prototyping. The virtual simulation technology showed that a well-fitted protective overall for sport aircraft pilots can be developed by using a 3D scanned body model of a person in a sitting posture and its 3D body dimensions.

The aim of this study was to develop biodegradable medical nonwoven fabrics with added value, focusing on environmentally friendly natural substances for use in wound care. Propolis, a natural antibiotic, with confirmed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory action was used. It was used in two formulations: ethanol extract of propolis and powder of native propolis. In order to obtain an environmentally friendly product, no chemical binder was used. Three modified procedures of applying propolis by immersing and scattering were used. Antimicrobial effect of the performed treatment was tested according to standard EN ISO 20645:2004 on three types of bacteria: Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Gram-negative Escherichia coli (ATCC 11229) and Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC4352). In this study, the microbial barrier properties of textiles for two bacterial endospores were investigated, with the aim of determining the microorganism mechanical permeability of textile. Fourier-transform infrared–attenuated total reflection was used to investigate the structural changes of Tencel nonwoven fabrics/propolis samples. On the basis of the results it can be concluded that the application of bee products, in this case of propolis in both formulations, on Tencel nonwoven fabrics provides satisfactory antimicrobial effects and an effective microbial barrier. Obtained results show that treatments 1 and 3 provide better antibacterial properties, indicating the further development potential of these treatments. AATCC Test Method 79, Absorbency of Textiles, was used to test absorption. The results show an increase in the absorption time of finished samples. The absorption time of finished samples can be reduced if they are stacked in a layered structure.

In this study, the microbial barrier properties of textiles for two bacterial endospores were investigated. The reusable hospital textiles (PET/cotton and Tencel®) most commonly recommended for the manufacture of healthcare professional uniforms were tested for microorganism permeability. The three-layer textile laminate PET/PU/PET, which meets the European standards for surgical drapes EN 13795, was used as the reference material in this study. The microbial barrier properties of PET/cotton, Tencel®, PET/PU/PET, and corresponding seams were tested after 1, 10, 20, 30 and 50 washing-and-sterilization cycles. Washing and sterilization were performed by hospital laundry services under strict and controlled conditions. The testing of dry textile materials was conducted under newly developed methods. The most resistant forms of microorganisms of apathogenic bacterial endospores of the Bacillus genus Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus atrophaeus were used for investigating the microbial barrier permeability of textiles. This research is the first to investigate the permeability of these microorganisms in dry conditions. Additionally, the microbial barrier properties of the seams of these textiles were investigated. Regression analyses were performed and the effects of the seams on microorganism permeability were determined. It can be concluded that the two most commonly used seam types for the manufacture of healthcare uniforms do not have a significant influence on microbial barrier efficacy; however, the seam type 1.01.05/504.504.301 is more suitable for the manufacture of healthcare professional uniforms.

The aim of this study was to investigate the damage to cotton fabrics (ticking and damask) caused by stitching with three types of needle point shapes (R, SES and SUK) and four needle sizes (70, 80, 90 and 100 Nm). Damage to the yarn and the surface area of the hole were investigated. Based on the results, it can be concluded that two types of damage occur during sewing: the needle passes through the warp/weft (it displaces the yarn) and the needle damages the warp/weft. An analysis and comparison of the surface area of the holes was carried out, obtained by a computer program based on microscopic images. The results show greater damage to the yarn at the needle piercing point in the ticking due to higher density, friction and low yarn migration. The largest surface area of the holes was produced when sewing with SUK-designated needles on ticking and damask. When sewing damask, R-designated needles cause the least damage to the piercing point, whereas SES-designated needles give the best results when sewing the ticking. Thread damage was further confirmed by testing the tensile properties of the yarn at the needle piercing points.