Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. AbstractThe purpose of the research project was to understand the future crew environments for developing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems. A variety of human engineering tools (job assessment software system [JASS], enhanced computer-aided testing [EC AT], and Micro Saint™) were used to address crew issues related to the utility of having rated aviators as crew members, supplementing current crews with imagery and intelligence specialists, and the use of automation to improve systems efficiency. Data from 70 soldiers and experts from Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Fort Hood, Texas, and Hondo, Texas, were collected as part of this effort. The general finding was that the use of cognitive methods and computerized tool sets to understand future crew environments proved to be cost effective and useful. Specifically, no evidence was found to support a requirement for rated aviators in future Army missions, but the use of cognitively oriented embedded training simulators was suggested to aid novices in developing the cognitive skills evinced by experts. The efficacy of adding imagery specialists to 96U crews was discussed, and specific recommendations related to automation were derived from the workload modeling. CONTENTS

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A multi-year effort was conducted to investigate the impact on human cognitive and physical performance capabilities, which the introduction of a new Army command and control vehicle with modernized digital communications systems would have. This was a joint effort by the Human Research and Engineering Directorate of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory in partnership with the Directorate of Force Developments at the U.S. Armor Center and School at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and the U.S. Army Operational Test and Evaluation Command at Alexandria, Virginia. Literature searches and background investigations were conducted, and a model architecture based on a taxonomy of human performance was developed. A computer simulation design and methodology was implemented with these taxonomic-based descriptors of human performance in the military command and control domain, using a commercially available simulation programming language. A series of computer models called Computer modeling of Human Operator System Tasks (CoHOST) was written and results were developed that suggest that automation alone does not necessarily improve human performance.