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Grimontia indica strain AK16T sp. nov. is the type strain of G. indica sp. nov. a new species within the genus Grimontia. This strain, whose genome is described here, was isolated from seawater sample collected from southeast coast of Palk Bay, India. G. indica AK16T is a Gram-negative, facultative aerobic rod shaped bacterium. There are only two other strains in the genus Grimontia one of which, Grimontia hollisae CIP 101886T, is a reported human pathogen isolated from human stool sample while the other, ‘Grimontia marina IMCC5001T’, was isolated from a seawater sample. As compared to the pathogenic strain Grimontia hollisae CIP 101886T, the strain AK16T lacks some genes for pathogenesis like the accessory colonization factors AcfA and AcfD, which are required for the colonization of the bacterium in the host body. While it carries some pathogenesis genes like OmpU, which are related to pathogenesis of Vibrio strains. This suggests that the life cycle of AK16T may include some pathogenic interactions with marine animal(s), or it may be an opportunistic pathogen. Study of the Grimontia genus is important because of the severe pathogenic traits exhibited by a member of the genus with only three species reported in total. The study will provide some vital information which may be useful in future clinical studies on the genus.

Mariniradius saccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Cyclobacteriaceae isolated from marine aquaculture pond water, and emended descriptions of the genus Aquiflexum and Aquiflexum balticum A novel marine, Gram-stain-negative, oxidase-and catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain AK6 T , was isolated from marine aquaculture pond water collected in Andhra Pradesh, India. The fatty acids were dominated by iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 17 : 1 v9c, iso-C 15 : 1 G, iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH and anteiso-C 15 : 0 . Strain AK6 T contained MK-7 as the sole respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified phospholipid and seven unidentified lipids as polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain AK6 T was 45.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain AK6 T formed a distinct branch within the family Cyclobacteriaceae and clustered with Aquiflexum balticum DSM 16537 T and other members of the family Cyclobacteriaceae. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that Aquiflexum balticum DSM 16537 T was the nearest neighbour, with pairwise sequence similarity of 90.1 %, while sequence similarity with the other members of the family was ,88.5 %. Based on differentiating phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic inference, strain AK6 T is proposed as a representative of a new genus and species of the family Cyclobacteriaceae, as Mariniradius saccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Mariniradius saccharolyticus is AK6 T (5MTCC 11279 T 5JCM 17389 T ). Emended descriptions of the genus Aquiflexum and Aquiflexum balticum are also proposed.

Flavobacterium nitratireducens sp. nov., an amylolytic bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from coastal surface seawater A novel Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium, designated strain N1 T , was isolated from a marine water sample collected from the sea shore, Bay of Bengal, Visakhapatnam, India. The strain was positive for starch hydrolysis, nitrate reduction and ornithine decarboxylase activities and negative for citrate utilization, urease, oxidase, catalase and DNase activities. The predominant fatty acids were C 16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH, anteiso-C 15 : 0 , C 16 : 0 , C 15 : 0 3-OH, and C 16 : 1 v7c and/or iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH (summed feature 3). Strain N1T contained menaquinone 6 (MK-6) as the sole respiratory quinone. The only polyamine was homospermidine and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), three unidentified aminolipids (AL1-AL3) and two unidentified lipids (L1, L2). The DNA G+C content of the strain was 36.3 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain N1 T was a member of the genus Flavobacterium and closely related to Flavobacterium resistens with pairwise sequence similarity of 96.5 %. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain N1 T clusteredwith Flavobacterium glycines and Flavobacterium daejeonense with a distance of 4.8 and 6.0 % (95.2 and 94.0 % similarity), respectively. Based on the phenotypic characteristics and on phylogenetic inference, strain N1 T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium nitratireducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is N1 T (5MTCC 11155The genus Flavobacterium (a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, order Flavobacteriales and class Flavobacteriia, phylum Bacteroidetes) was established with the reclassification of Bacillus aquatilis and Bacillus devorans as Flavobactrium aquatile and Flavaobactrium devorans by Bergey et al. (1923) and the description was later emended by Bernardet et al. (1996). Members of the genus Flavobacterium are Gram-negative, rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented bacteria, are strictly aerobic, contain menaquinone 6 (MK-6) as the sole respiratory quinone and have DNA G+C contents in the range 32-37 mol%. Flavobacterium species have been isolated from diverse habitats such as freshwater, river sediments, fish tissues and soil

An aerobic, endospore-forming, alkali-tolerant, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain NIO-S10 T , was isolated from a surface water sample collected from the Godavari River, Kapileswarapuram, India. Colonies on nutrient agar were circular, 3-4 mm in diameter, creamish and raised after incubation for 36 h at 37 8C. Growth occurred at 20-40 8C, at pH 6-9 and in the presence of 0-2 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain NIO-S10 T was positive for oxidase, caseinase, DNase, gelatinase, lipase and urease activities, and negative for catalase, aesculinase, amylase and cellulase activities. The fatty acids were dominated by branched and saturated fatty acids, with a high abundance of iso-C 15 : 0 , anteiso-C 15 : 0 and C 18 : 0 .The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and MK-7 was the major menaquinone. The DNA G+C content of strain NIO-S10 T was 54.4 mol%. A BLAST sequence similarity search based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that Tumebacillus ginsengisoli Gsoil 1105 T was the nearest phylogenetic neighbour to strain NIO-S10 T , with a pairwise sequence similarity of 94.9 %. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain NIO-S10 T was clustered with members of the genus Tumebacillus and together with members of the genus Effusibacillus. Based on phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic inference, strain NIO-S10 T represents a novel species of the genus Tumebacillus, for which the name Tumebacillus lipolyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NIO-S10 T (5KCTC 32289 T 5MTCC 12483 T ).The genus Tumebacillus is a member of the family Alicyclobacillaceae, order Bacillales, class Bacilli, phylum Firmicutes, and was established by Steven et al. (2008). Members of the family Alicyclobacillaceae are Gram-stain-positive, rodshaped, motile or non-motile, spore-forming, aerobic bacteria, with a respiratory, chemo-organotrophic mode of metabolism. The family members are also positive for catalase and protease activities; contain meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid, MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C 15 : 0 and anteiso-C 15 : 0 as major fatty acids; and have a DNA G+C content of 53.1-55.6 mol% (T m ) (Wang et al., 2013). Members of the genus Tumebacillus have been isolated from Canadian high Arctic permafrost, soil of a ginseng field and cassava wastewater (Steven et al., 2008;Baek et al., 2011;Wang et al., 2013). At the time of writing the genus Tumebacillus comprises three species with validly published names (http://www.bacterio.net/b/tumebacillus.html). In the present taxonomic study, we focused on the characterization and classification of strain NIO-S10 T by a polyphasic approach (Vandamme et al., 1996), and based on the results, assign the novel strain to the genus Tumebacillus.Strain NIO-S10 T was isolated from a surface water sample collected from the Godavari River near Kapileswarapuram, India. The sample that yielded strain NIO-S10 T had a pH of 7.6. For isolation of bacteria, 1 ml water sample was...