Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder in the world. Recent evidence however suggests that T2DM is not only a disease of metabolism, but also an inflammatory disorder and that inflammation also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Diabetic complications. Our aim was to study the level of interleukin-17 (IL 17) in Indian populations with T2DM as an inflammatory marker and analyze its role in different diabetic complications. Methods: A total of consecutive 67 patients of T2DM were evaluated for clinical parameters fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2hr-post-prandial blood glucose (PPBG), lipid profile, HbA1c and plasma IL 17. They were divided into three groups-Patients of T2DM without any complications (group A; n = 24), T2DM with acute complications (group B; n = 20), T2DM with chronic complications (group C; n = 23) and compared with 23 healthy controls (group D). Results: Diabetic patients had a higher level of IL 17 as compared to the healthy controls. The level of IL 17 in complicated diabetics was higher than the patients with T2DM without complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed positive correlation of IL 17 with Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Neuropathy. IL 17 also showed a positive Pearsons correlation with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum triglycerides (TG), serum total cholesterol (TC), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), HbA1c and a negative correlation with HDL. Conclusion: Indian subjects with T2DM with or without complications had higher values of IL 17 as compared to healthy controls. Also diabetic neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy were positively correlated to levels of IL 17.

Aims: To evaluate the association of Nuclear factor kappa B1(NFkB1) gene polymorphism with inflammatory markers Urinary Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (UMCP1) and Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa (TNF alfa) in Patients of diabetes mellitus with or without renal involvement in Eastern India. Material and Methods: Consecutive Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with or without microalbuminuria attending SCB MEDICAL COLLEGE and HOSPITAL Medical OPDs in between September 2018 to September 2019 were recruited in this study. Patients were subjected to blood and urine investigations. DNA extraction and Restriction fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) was done in Department of Biochemistry. Controls were unrelated healthy attendants with no history of Diabetes Mellitus, HTN, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Results: Mean Systolic BP, Fasting Blood Glucose, Post Prandial Blood Glucose, HBA1c, Total Cholesterol were significantly higher in diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy groups than control group. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate was significantly lower in diabetic nephropathy (p value < 0.001). UMCP1, Urinary Albumin Creatinine Ratio, TNF alfa were higher in diabetes mellitus and nephropathy with p value (<0.001, 0.006 < 0.001) respectively. In between DM and Diabetic Nephropathy groups nfkb1 gene expression, umcp1 and tnf alfa levels were significantly increased in Diabetic nephropathy with p value 0.019, <0.01, 0.001 respectively. Insertion/insertion NFkB1 gene polymorphisms were more in diabetic nephropathy group and were positively correlated with inflammatory markers UMCP1 (r = 0.517, p < 0.01) and TNF alfa (r = 0.172, p = 0.19). Conclusion: insertion/insertion NFkB1 gene polymorphism increases the risk of nephro

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major complications of diabetes. Nephropathy patients must be evaluated for dyslipidemia as it is an established risk factor for cardiovascular events. We compared the degree of dyslipidemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects with or without nephropathy and analyzed the factors associated with nephropathy among them. Methods: In this retrospective study, T2DM patients with overt nephropathy were enrolled in the study group (n = 50); without nephropathy were enrolled in the control group (n = 50). Both groups were matched for age duration of diabetes. After taking informed consent anthropometrical clinical examinations were done. Biochemical investigations (Total cholesterol, TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL, sdLDL-C, S. urea, S. creatinine were done in SCB MCH, Biochemistry department. Urine microalbumin per gm of creatinine was done. TG/HDL-C ratio, a surrogate marker for small, dense, LDL particles (sdLDL), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were calculated using equations. Results were analyzed statistically using SPSS version 20. Results: Mean Total cholesterol, TG, LDL, sdLDL are significantly high in nephropathy patients with p values 0.

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BACKGROUND: Oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) are often advised for initial treatment for patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Their effects on glycemic control, lipid profile, insulin resistance and beta cell function has not been systematically studied in India. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification and OADs on metabolic parameters in recently diagnosed uncomplicated T2DM patients. MATERIAL METHODS: A total of consecutive sixty four (64) cases of recently diagnosed uncomplicated T2DM in the age group of 30 -60 years were studied. They were evaluated for weight, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2hr post glucose plasma glucose (2hrPGPG), HbA1c, lipid profile, serum fasting insulin, c-peptide, HOMA-IR and HOMA-β. They were divided into four groups according to increasing order of HbA1c values (6.5% -6.9%, 7% -7.5%, 7.6% -8.5%, 8.6% -8.9%). These four groups were subjected to lifestyle modification (LSM), monotherapy with metformin (1 g) and LSM, dual drug therapy i.e. metformin (1 g), glimepiride (1 mg) and LSM, triple drug therapy i.e. metformin (1 g), glimepiride 1 mg, sitagliptin 100 mg) and LSM respectively. These patients were followed up after three months of therapy. They were evaluated for the same metabolic parameters and compared with their baseline value. Fourteen (14) patients were lost to follow up. RESULTS: We found 91%, 92.8%, 53.3% and 60% of our patients from above four different groups achieved target glycemic control (HbA1c ≤ 6.5%). In all