Background: Male sex has always been considered as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. But recent studies have shown controversial results. This study aimed to investigate the relation of serum testosterone withrisk factors of coronary artery diseasesand with degree of severity of coronary artery stenosisin men with coronary artery diseases.Methods: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria 102 men (aged 60.42 += 11.11), were included. Fasting blood sample were obtained and blood sugar, total testosterone and lipid profile were measured. Severity of coronary stenosis was estimated by Gensini score. The relationships were assessed using chi-square test, one way analysis of variance and Pearson’s Correlation. Results: Of the total 102 patients, majority of them 42 (41.2%) had triple vessel disease. Testosterone (nmol/L) was found to be 12.01 ± 6.1. Cardiovascular diseaserisk factors like age, body mass index etc. were found to be negatively correlated with testosterone but not statistically significant. Likewise, Gensini score also correlated negatively with testosteronebut not up to the threshold of statistical significance (r=-0.069, p-value = 0.496). Similar results were obtained when number of vessels involved and testosterone were compared. However, the number of diabetic patients gradually decreased with the increasing value of testosterone in the three tertile group (p-value = 0.040). Conclusions: This study could not find significant association between testosterone and coronary artery diseases, however low testosterone was associated with diabetes mellitus.Keywords: Coronary artery diseases; diabetes mellitus; gensini score; testosterone.

Background:Lack of proper diet and use of different medications in heart failure contributes to electrolyte imbalance. Due to absence of routine measurement, their abnormalities are not recognized. This study is an attempt to portrait a picture of serum levels of electrolytes in heart failure patients Materials and Methods: 102 heart failure patients were enrolled in this study over 6 months period. Serum levels of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and albumin were measured. SPSS ver. 20.0 was used to analyze the data. Analysis of Variance was used to find mean differences and Pearson's correlation was used to establish the correlation. Results: Majority of patient fell under New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II and had isolated systolic heart failure. Mean serum values of sodium and magnesium were below the reference range. Mean values of serum sodium, magnesium and corrected calcium was less in patients receiving diuretics and digitalis. Likewise, serum phosphorus was more with diuretics and digitalis use. Also, serum sodium was less in Acetylcholine Eseterose (ACE) inhibitors use. Isolated diastolic heart failure patients had least serum calcium values. Although, serum sodium and magnesium value in heart failure patients was positively correlated, was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study showed that low serum sodium and magnesium values are frequently associated in heart failure. Disturbances in other serum electrolytes could also be other cause of complications in heart failure which are not under routine investigation. Identification and correction of these disturbances could have significant impact. However, further studies are required to reinforce this idea.